226 BEAIN-WEIGHT AND SIZE IN RELATION 



average brain of no greater volume tlian that of tlie Bushman, the 

 Australian, or other lowest types of humanity. 



The Nilotic Egyptian race, of composite ethnical character, presents 

 striking elements of comparison, in the ingenious arts and construc- 

 tive skill of the ancient dwellers in the Nile valley; but whether we 

 take the Egyptian of the Catacombs, the Copt, or the Fellah, we 

 seek in vain for like microcephalous characteristics. Among modern 

 races the Chinese exhibit many analogies in arts and social life to the 

 ancient Peruvians. But their cerebral capacity presents no corre- 

 spondence to that of the American race. Dr. Morton gives a mean 

 capacity for the Chinese skull of 85, as compared with the Peruvian 

 75 '3, while Dr. Davis derives from nineteen skulls a mean internal 

 capacity of 7 6 '7 oz. av., or 93 cubic in. 



But another Asiatic race, that of the Hindoos — also associated 

 with a remarkable ancient civilization, and a social and religious 

 organization not without suggestive analogies both to ancient Egypt 

 and Peru, — is noticeable for like microcephalous characteristics. In 

 completing the anatomical measurements with which Dr. Morton 

 closes his great work, he places the Ethiopian lowest in the. scale 

 of internal capacity of cranium ; but, while including the Hindoo in 

 Ms Caucasian group, he adds : " It is proper to mention that but 

 three Hindoos are admitted in the whole number, because the skulls 

 of these people are probably smaller than those of any other existing 

 nation. Eor example, seventeen Hindoo heads give a mean of but 

 75 cubic inches."* The Vedahs of Ceylon, the Mincopies, the 

 Negritos, and the Bushmen, appear to vie with the Hindoos in 

 smallness of skull ; but all of them are races of diminutive stature. 

 This element, therefore, which has been referred to as important in 

 individual comparisons, is no less necessary to be borne in view in 

 determining such comparative results as those which distinguish the 

 Peru.vians" from other American races. Certain races are unques- 

 tionably distinguished from others by difference of stature. Barrow 

 determined the mean height of the Bushman, from measurements of 

 a whole tribe, to be 4 ft. 3^ in. D'Orbigny, from nearly similar 

 evidence, states that of the Patagonians to be 5 ft. 8 in. The 

 internal capacity of the Peruvian skull, as derived from eighteen 

 male and six female Quichua skulls in Dr. Davis's collection, is 70, 

 while he states that of the Patagonian skull as 67 and of the Bush- 



* "Crania Americana," p. 261. 



