186 THE SHEPHERD KINGS OF EGYPf: 



name of Sephres, or Hepher the brother of Achuzam, but connecte' 

 with the latter, of whom it was probably a monument, in the Greek 

 name Phix, whence Phacussa and Tell Phakus (the Phikean hill) iix 

 the neighbourhood of Tacasarta. Phix, Phacussa, &c., ai'e simply 

 Ahi or Achuzam with the prefix of the article, and Chabrias near 

 Tell Phakus explains the relations of Sophres and the Sphinx. Tiie 

 Sphinx, although it bears the name of Sephres, is sacred to Athom 

 o-r Atmoo. This, I think, arises from the fact that Achuzam mariied 

 his daughter Zelelponi. Certain it is that he did marry into the 

 family of Etam^ but whether his iniion was with this princess or 

 with a daughter of Jezreel I cannot well decide. As the myth of 

 the horsemen which connects the Dioscuri and the Asvins is i-elated 

 to that of the Sphinx, I may note here the connection of ses the 

 horse and shos the shepherds, Achuzam being pre-eminently the 

 horseman of antiquity. This, however, I merely throw out as a hint 

 to the student of Egyptology, and for the sake of future identifi- 

 cations and ethnological connections. The forms in which we find 

 the final zam, of the name of Ashchur's eldest son are Sem Hercules, 

 Sumes Hermes, Smu, a name of Typhon, all of whom are identical 

 with Hercules Assis. Sem, like his father Ashchur, is said to have 

 been made a governor of part of Egypt by Osiris, and in him we 

 recognize the Macedon, whom Diodorus makes, together with Anubis, 

 a son of that monai-ch.^ In Macedon we find the z of Achuzam 

 changed to d and m prefixed as in the case of Mysara, Mestrtei, etc. 

 The word survives to the present day in the Mokattam mountains, 

 belonging appropriately to the range of Attaka. A more difiicult 

 disguise to penetrate is that which is presented by the name Thoth. 

 indeed I do not yet feel altogether sure that it represents Achuzam 

 himself, but it is most probable that it does. In the two lists of 

 iSyncellus, . Menes, who heads each, is followed by Athothes and 

 'Curudes respectively. Curudes I shall yet show to be Zereth, the 

 •eldest son of Ashchur by Helah, and the rival of Achuzam, who,' 

 taking the connected name of Achuzzath, v/ould be known as 

 Ahutath among the Egyptians. In the genealogies of Sanchoniatho, 

 Misor, who is Ashchur, is the father of Taauth.^'- In Hermopolis 

 also Thoth accompanies Sahor, who is Ashchur, and Timan-hor, who is 

 Temeni, while he is also recognized as the head of the Cabiri, who 



- so Guigniaut, i. 433. 

 ■SI Sanchoiiiatto's Phcen. Hist., by Cumberland. London, 1720, 28. 



