THE SHEPHERD KINGS OF EGYPT. 189 



neiglibours treaties of peace, descended upon the valley of the Nile. 

 As Balot he is Pluto and Philitis the shepherd, and Salatis. His 

 town is Pelusium, whence he advanced to Salahieh, thence to Illahoun, 

 and afterwards (jerhaps, although this is doubtful, to Silsilis. How 

 he came to reside in Palestine when his father and uncles ruled in 

 Egypt I leave for future consideration. His name is not unknown in 

 classical story, for there he is Belus, King of Egypt, whose son 

 Cepheus ruled in Ethiopia. The song of Linus, which so much 

 excited the astonishment of Herodotus in Egypt, and which Sir 

 Gardner Wilkinson has found in the " ya laylee ! ya layl I" of the 

 modern Copts, belongs undoubtedly to th6 memory of this ancient 

 monarch. Already we have met with traces of Jehaleleel in Belus, 

 Niliis, Salatis and Philitis, but no such name appears on the 

 monuments. The reason no doubt is that the letter I has been 

 persistently rendered by ?•, so that we must look for the invader 

 under some such form as Aahiii or Haroeris. In such a search it 

 cannot be supposed that I should meet with any great measure of 

 success, situated as I have been in a country unfurnished not only 

 with original sources of information, but also to - a great extent 

 deficient as regards its libraries in works on Egyptology. I cannot 

 doubt, however, that the Soris who precedes Suphis at the head of the 

 fourth dynasty of Manetho coi'responds to the Nileus who precedes 

 the Chembes of Diodorus; Belus and Cepheus, Philitis and Cheops, 

 Jehaleleel and Ziph answering to these. He is, I believe, the 

 Ousrcnre or Panseser of the pyramid of Reega in the very region 

 where Jehaleleel should be found, and whom Dr. Birch, to whom we 

 owe the discovery of his name, will, I have little doubt, identify 

 with the shepherd Hak. Osirkef, Aseskef, Ousrenre and Shufu are 

 appropriately found together representing four generations of the line 

 of Ashchur, the father of Tekoa. My authority for connecting 

 Salatis and Ases or Jehaleleel and Achuzam as father and son has not 

 yet appeared, but will be found satisfactory when I come to treat of 

 the Persian and other traditions concerning this line.^^ If, as Mr. 

 Osburn has stated, Salatis is the son of Othoes, the latter name must 

 present an abbreviation of the Thoth form of Acluizam. Another 

 name for Jehaleleel may be Thoules.^^ 



2* The Persian Gilshah, who is also Ubiil Muluk and Uboo Busheer, is the son of Yessun 

 Ajani ; the Arabian llyas is son of Yasin ; the Greek Plutus is son of Jasion : and Y'essun 

 Ajain, Yasin and Jasion. are forms of Achuzam. 



^'•> It is not improbable that the legendary Egyptian name Melol or Meror given to the 

 Pharaoh of the Exodus in the Book of Jasher is a reniihiscence of Jehaleleel, corresponding 

 with the Arabic Mahlayel, the f "g lier of Kabiyeh, Cepheus or Ziph. 



