194 THE SHEPHERD KINGS OF EGYPT. 



'cigliteentli dynasty, which is inimical to the Shepherds. It is 

 certainly one of the last places in which, had I been forming mere 

 hypotheses, I should have been disposed to look for a son of Ashchur. 

 He is mentioned here as one of the ancestors of the line that took 

 pai't in the expulsion of the Hyksos proper, and not as one who 

 actually participated in that expulsion. The similarity in name and 

 length of reign are points in favour of the connection, but it is by 

 means of his descendants that we ai'e enabled to decide that the 

 Sephres of the fifth and the Chebres of the eighteenth dynasty are 

 the same individual. 



I have already stated my present belief that the Kenaz of 

 1 Chron. iv. 13 was the son of Hepher, Sephres or Chebros. The 

 name of Kenaz connects with three lines, although I need not say 

 that it only refers to one. It is the Pachnan or Pachnas of the 

 Shepherds, the Bakkan of the Stranger Kings, and the Akencheres of 

 the eighteenth dynasty.'' Sir Gai'dner Wilkinson and other eminent 

 Egyptologists have already suggested the correspondence of these 

 names. ^* Mr. Perring has referred the Stranger Kings to the Hyksos 

 line, and Lepsius connects them with the eighteenth dynasty. The 

 father of Akencheres is Chebros, and the father of Bakkan is the 

 same, although the title of Amenophis is generally prefixed. As for 

 Pachnan, he merely follows Bnon, an unknown king. With the line 

 of Stranger Kings who worshipped the sun's disc we find the female 

 name Taia connected, a name which at once calls to mind the wife of 

 Hyperion, who was Thea. The character which Diodorus gives this 

 monarch as a great astronomer agrees with the scientific pursuits of 

 Sephres. If, however, Pachnan and the other names mentioned give 

 us Kenaz, we should find his descendants. His eldest son was 

 Othniel. Now, the final el we must not expect.^^ Atni, G-othon or 

 some such form must represent him.^* Accordingly he is the Atin-re 

 or Toonh, who is intimately associated with Bakkan at Psinaula, 

 which is simply Othniel with the prefix of the Coptic article and the 

 change of t to s. He is also the Danaus, a Greek form like Donald, 



68 We also find Kenaz with the ra affix in the Cheneres or Kai-en-ra who, with a reign of 

 thirty years, closes tlie second dynasty following Sesochris, who is Sesostris, or his uncle 

 Achashtari. 



5< Rawlinson's Herodotus, App. Bk. li. ch. 8. 



65 This final syllable is peculiarly H-ebrew, and rarely occurs in names transported heyond 

 the Semitic area. Thus Shobal appears as Set), Siva, Sabus. 



so Atin would represent the unaspirated and Gothon the aspirated form of the name, the 

 Soptuagint rendering of Othniel being Godoniel. 



