222 THE SHEPHERD KINGS OP EGYPT. 



person of this name who occurs in the Bible is a grandson of Esan.. 

 The Arabs, however, persistently call the Philistines by this name, 

 No mention is made of the latter in the accovint given of the 

 victories of Chedorlaomer, althoiigh the region in which Abimelech 

 dwelt might easily have formed part of his line of conquest. The 

 Halaks which lie about Beersheba and south of it are undoubted 

 remains of the Am, or people of Lek. We have already seen that 

 the Shasu or Hycsos and the Amalika are made the same. It 

 may be that Achuzam had a son Lek, or, more probably, that in 

 this word an extremely apocopated and altered form of Jehaleleel 

 appears. I find no difficulty in associating the word Chadem, in the 

 Sarbat el Chadem of Arabia Petraea, with the Pharaoh whose brother 

 Hepher or Sephi-es has left his name upon its monuments. The term. 

 Saxon, by which the early Christian writers designated the Arabs, 

 may possibly be another form in which the name of Achuzam 

 descended, although it with other Arabian names and traditions may 

 point to some connection of Jokshan, the son of Abraham by 

 Keturah, with the Ashchurite line. The Katoorah of Arabian 

 tradition are a branch of the Amalika ; part of the stock of Midian 

 we have already found in intimate relationship with the Shepherds ; 

 and Asshurim of Jokshan betrays the origin of the family. Keturah 

 may have been a daughter of Achuzam, and sister of Jehaleleel. 

 Under the Arabic form of Electra, which is simply Al Keturah, the 

 Greek myth presents her as the mother of Jasion and Dardanus ; but 

 as these are Achuzam and Zereth, the sons of Naarah and Helah, this 

 cannot be. She might be their sister, but even this I think hardly 

 probable. The fact of her second son's name being Jokshan, a word 

 not imlike Achuzam, is doubtless the cause of the confusion in the 

 Greek story. The short recoi-d of the Midianites which is preserved 

 in the Antiquities of Josephus^ exhibits them as taking part with the 

 Egyptian Hercules against Antseus, and is quite consistent with the 

 connections already formed for them in this paper, as it is with the 

 Scripture statements that show them to have been the allies of the 

 Moabites, who were united with the line of Sheth. I am not at all 

 sure that Keturah belongs to the family of Naarah. There are many 

 genealogical connections which favour the belief that she was a sister 

 or daughter of Zereth, the son of Helah, one of the most important 



8 Joseplii Antiq. i, 15. 



