THE SHEPHEEB KINGS OF EGYPT. 227 



identification being found in his alliance with Satrun or Achashtari, 

 the founder of Sethrum. The Babylonian town of Is, now Hit, is 

 one of his memorials, but I believe that the Assyrian region of 

 Chazene furnishes us with another more perfect in form. I have not 

 found any ancestral monarch either of Babylonia or of Assyria whom 

 I can with any confidence connect with Achuzam. Many facts point 

 him out as the father of Jehaleleel, under the name of Aos or Hea. 

 He is termed the god of Khalkha, and his son appeai-s as Khalkhalla, 

 the brother of lightning, a name that shows intimate connections with 

 the Roman Jupiter Elicius. This son is the Bel or Belus whom the 

 Greek writers attributed to Aos and Dauke. Names like Ivalush 

 may have arisen from that of the son of Achuzam. With the god 

 who is called Khalkhalla the epithet Thibbi is connected. Sii- Henry 

 Rawlinson seems to identify this title with the Persian Giv and the 

 Hebrew Zif. I do not doubt that it represents Ziph, the sou of 

 Jehaleleel, who may also have given name to Zop, the abyss, of 

 which Hea was the chief. In the Persian Thura, associated with 

 the Assyrian Tliibbi, we may find Tiria brother of Ziph. Asareel is 

 very like the later forms, Asshur-rish-ili, &c., among the monarchs 

 of Assyria. Ninip, who is called the son of Bel and. also of Aos his 

 father, and who has moreover the titles Khalkhalla and Thil^bi, must 

 be Anub the son of Ziphah, the daughter of Jehaleleel, the son of 

 Achuzam. Kabu or Nebo, also denominated son of Aos or Hea, 

 may be the same person, or he may be Nebaioth, the son of Ishmael 

 and head of the Nabateans. I think that the former supposition is 

 the most probable. Intimately related to Ninip is Nergal, the god 

 of Ciitha, who is plainly Acharchel, his designation of " the great 

 brother" coinciding with the meaning of the word in Hebrew. 

 Armaimu, the tutelar god of Susa, may be his father Harum, 

 although he is more probably Naram Sin, who, like Shagaraktiyach, 

 of whom he is made the son, is lord of Kiprat Arba. The name 

 Arba survives in Arabas, whom Pliny makes son of Babylon and 

 Apollo, and the inventor of medicine. 



I think it possible that Nipru, generally considered to be a form 

 of Nimrod, may, following the analogy of Nergal and Nisroch, be 

 Hepher, the second son of Ashchur. The temple of Kharris ISTipru 

 reminds vis of the IsTephercheres of the Egyptian lists. His name was 

 certainly bestowed upon Sippara, in which Xisuthrus laid up the 

 ancient records. Agana as a name of Sippara is doubtless a reminis- 



