THE SHEPHERB KINGS OP EGYPT. 241 



form at once suggests the Greek or Egyptian word papyrus, whicli 

 fitly takes its name from liim after whom Sippara and Kirjath 

 Sepher were called, and all the associations of whom are literary. 

 Byblus is the Greek name proper for the papyrus, as well as that of 

 a PhcBnician and Egyptian city in each of which the rites of Adonis 

 were celebrated. It may be that Byblus is Babbhru, the equivalent 

 I as in the Septuagint taking the place of r, although I have already 

 associated the word with the Horite Ebal, who named Gebalitis. 

 Hepher will yet be represented by a Cephalus, and the Cabiri and 

 Kobolds be united. The rat of Ganesa reapj)ears in the connections 

 of the Greek Apollo Smintheus. Its Hebrew names, Pherah and 

 Chapharpherah, are not to be disjoined from that of the second 

 son of Naarah. Surya, the god connected with Chandra, and Surya,- 

 king of Mathoura, connected in like manner with Kansa, are each of 

 them Seraiah, the son of Kenaz. Crishna and the Charashim of Joab 

 show intimate relationship. ISTo other mythology gives a more com- 

 plete account of the early history of the family of Hepher than that 

 of India. A new interest miist attach to the disc worshippers of 

 Egypt, when it is found that they play so important a part in the 

 Hindoo annals. Many names recall Temeni, the third son of Ashchur 

 by Naarah, but I do not at present know enough of his history to 

 justify me in stating tentative connections. 



Achashtari is Ivashtri or Tvashtar, united with Asura, and called 

 Visvakarman. "With him are found the Bbhous (Rephaim of Ash- 

 teroth Karnaim) and the Ashvins. The daughter of Tvashtar is 

 Saranyu, in whom we have the Zerouane of the Persian, and the 

 Zervan of the Assyrian mythologies. She is made the mother of 

 Yama, who is Achumai the Horite, and may therefore have married 

 Jachath the son of Alvan or Reaiah. Thus Atargatis and Ichthys 

 may be united, and Achumai combine two races. Tvashtar is Saty- 

 avrata, the same as the Persian Taschter and the Babylonian 

 Xisuthrus. Before the flood he dwelt at Cashmere, where Vasu his. 

 brother Achuzam reigned, but in the time of the deluge he was at 

 Critamala, the land of the Cherethites or Gordyeans, named by his. 

 half-brother Zereth, the contemporary of Achuzam. It is generally 

 admitted that Satyavrata, Xisuthrus, Seth, &c., are the same. The 

 statement that the flood was poured forth in order to help Gautama, 

 Buddha against the Assurs is a somewhat peculiar one, inasmuch as. 

 he was pre-eminently an Asura. However, the allusion may be to. 



