246 THE SHEPHERD KINGS OF EGYPT. 



vine, lie was fittingly made the cup-bearer of Jove. The change of 

 B to M is so common in etymology that it needs no comment. 



Lydia. — The Lydian line is decidedly Horite, as I have shown in 

 a former paper, the very name Lydia being derived from Lahad the 

 son of Jahath, the Horite. It is, however, full of A.shchurite names. 

 The legend of Caystrius has already been alluded to. It is inter- 

 esting to find Strabo speaking of a temple situated on the Cayster 

 sacred to the twin heroes Asius and Caystrius, or Achuzam and 

 Achashtari. The Nysa which connects with it at once recalls the 

 Palestinian Nyssa or lenysus, near Gaza, and the IsTyssa, which has 

 been identified with Beth-Shan. The river Hyllus commemorates 

 Jehaleleel, and the Hermus Harum, the father of Acharchel, he being 

 Hermon king of Lydia. Jorda,nus, another Lydian king, is Jered- 

 the father of Gedor, and Tmolus may be Othniel, the son of Kenaz. 

 Harum is also Arimus, whom Xanthus made a king in the Typhonian 

 region of Me^ogis, in which word we at once recognize Mesha' or 

 Meshag, the father of Ziph or Typhon. The Lydian Hercules called 

 Sandon or the Red is a confusion of Acharchel, the true Hercules, 

 with the great Sesostris or Achashtari, Sandon or Sandyx, repre- 

 senting the Sheth or Sydyk who ruled especially over the Sethroitic 

 nome of Egypt. Saittae is a Lydian town preserving the very name 

 by which this hero was po]3ularly known. Sandon is also Asfcerius 

 son of Anax, whose remains, according to Pausanius, lay in the land 

 of the Milesians, being ten cubits in length. He rightly connects 

 with the Anakim. Pausanius likewise mentions the presence of 

 similar remains in a city of Lydia called "the Gate of Temenus," 

 which was doubtless jiamed after the elder brother of Achashtari, 

 the eponym of the Egyptian Damanhour. Sardis is the city of 

 Zereth. The Asioneis coanected with it are the people descended 

 from his rival and brother Achuzam ; and the Cimmerians who 

 conquered it, and also named Smyrna or Zmyrna, are the families 

 of Zimran, the son of Abraham by Ketui-ah or Electra, whom we 

 have found to be related to the Ashchurites. The Maeones may- 

 either have descended from Meon of the line of Mareshah, or 

 Meonothai, the descendant of Kenaz, who certainly named the 

 Maeander. The Lydian royal names Xanthus, Arimus, Alyattes 

 and Myrsus represent Achashtari or Sheth, Harum, Jehaleleel or 

 Salatis, and Mareshah, 



