274 THE SHEPHERD KINGS OF EGYPT. 



son, SO that Zobebah. bore Jabez -with sorrow. Under Jediael we 

 find Mareshali, tbe father of Hebron, who is Marsyas, the com- 

 panion of Cybebe, Marekho united with Thoules, and Moeris, the 

 guardian of young Apis or Apophis.^'^** Under his wise administration 

 Jabez lived for many years until the advent of Joseph, who became 

 his prime minister, and instructed him in the true religion. "We 

 have thus six generations of Pharaohs from Usecheres to Jabez. I 

 have not yet been able positively to identify the successors of Jabez 

 among the so-called Shepherds. They cannot, however, have included 

 more than two generations. Then a Horite element in the line of 

 Lotan, combining with the Hepherites and the family of Jerahmeel, 

 taking advantage of the Shepherd dissensions, drove them out of 

 Egypt back to their original home in the land of Palestine. Long 

 before this the descendants of Onam had been expelled to Arabia 

 Petraea, whence they afterwards found their way to Babylonia. It 

 is probable that the descendants of Zereth continued, during the ri\le of 

 the other Ashchurites in Egypt, to occupy the coast of the Cherethites 

 from the borders of Egypt to Gaza, and that, during the troublous 

 times of the expulsion of the Shepherds, some of them removed to 

 Zareth Shahar and Zaretaan, in the neighbourhood of the Jordan. 

 In the latter region, more than one place known as Fokaris also 

 denotes the presence of the allied Tocchari or Fekkaroo. To the 

 north of these, in the land of Gilead, we find traces of the family of 

 Ezra and Penuel, Jaazer deriving its name from the former.^^ It is, 

 however, impossible at present to say at what period the founders of 



37** Here again I aiii in doubt, for Marsyas, as son of CEagrus, seems to be Mered, son. of 

 Ezra. 



38 Tlie famUy of Ezra musl; connect with one of the sons of Ashchur by Helah. The con- 

 necting link is Hemath, -the father of the house of Rechab. Now Hemath is the head of the 

 Tirathites, Shimeathites and Sucathites, and these are Kenites. The Sucathices are of the , 

 family of Heber, the father of Sooho (i. Chron. iv. 18), and Heber is a Kenite name (Judges iv. 

 11). The Shimeathites and Tirathites do not certainly appear among the connections of Heber. 

 But in the neighbourhood of the Palestinian and Syrian Hamaths, we find Ezra represented 

 by Hazor and Jazer ; Jether by Ituraea, with many corresponding ancient names ; Mered by 

 Marathus and Moerad ; Jered and Gedor by Aradus and Gadara ; Sooho and the Sucathites bj' 

 Succoth ; while Tarichaea, Summuk, Samachonitis, and similar words occurring as narnes of 

 places in the same region, designate the abode of the Tirathites and Shimeatliites. The region ' 

 also is Kenite, for there Heber the Kenite dwelt. Among the names of this region manj- 

 reminiscences of Zereth are to be found, such as Kartan, Kartab, Zartanah, &c. But Zereth, 

 with Zohar and Ethnan, connect with the family of Bethlehem in Helah, their mother, who 

 was probably a daughter of Salma, the father of Bethlehem. It is to this family of Bethlehem 

 accordingly that Hemath is said to have belonged. In the region west and south of Bethlehem 

 all the names already found in the neighbourhood of the sea of Galilee and northward are 

 also to be found, with the exception of Hamath, denoting perhaps the first Palestinian settle- 

 ments of the family of Ezra. In the ethnic connections of Hemath his Ashchurite relationship 

 ■ appears. As Amythaon, he is the son of Cretheus or Zereth ; and as Aemathion, of Tithonus, 

 Laomedon, the father of the latter, being, I think, a repetition of the name of -bis grandson. 



