406 PRIMITIVE HISTORY OF THE lOI^IANS. 



moving tlie initial yocl, a common practice even in the recurrence of 

 Hebrew names in the Bible, Jezreel takes the form of Zergul, and 

 leads us into the early geography and history of Babylonia.''^ Zergul, 

 or Zirgulla, was a very old place, and, although the most famous of 

 the kings named Kur-galzu, or Durrigalzu, occurs late and seems to 

 be Acharchel, the son of Harum, there was an early monarch so 

 designated, who preceded Shamas, and v/ho must be the Thyrillus of 

 Eratosthenes, and the Jezreel of Chronicles. ^'^ In strict accordance 

 with these facts is the so-called mythological record, that Osiris made 

 Sem — who, in my paper on the Shepherd Kings, I unnecessarily 

 supposed to be Achuzam — governor of part of his dominions, leaving 

 him to share his authority with Antaeus and Busiris.^'' Similai; 

 hasty conclusions marked my treatment of these latter names — 

 Antaeus being made identical with Menes and the Nechaoth of The- 

 ophilus, and Busiris with Ashchur, his contemporary.^^ I am now 

 disposed to regard Antaeus and Busiris — seeing that mythologists 

 place them in a Libyan or western region of Egypt, and give them a 

 tragical end, making them also the subordinates of Jezreel and Sem— 

 as the two sons of Shammai, who are given in Chronicles as ISTadab 

 (Entef ) and Abishur (Busiris of Aboo-Seir). Nadab, I can hardly 

 doubt, is the head of the Entef line, who, whether they named Antae- 

 opolis or not, ruled for a time at Thebes and Hermonthis.^^ Now, 

 Hermonthis is the southern An, so that nothing could be more appro- 

 priate than to find the senior line of the family of Onam exercising 

 sovereignty there. I would be disposed to find in the ancient Tuphium, 

 near Hermonthis, a reminiscence of Appaim, with the local prefix T, 

 he being the only son of Nadab who had posterity, Seled, his elder 

 brother, dying without children. A desire to make known as soon 

 as possible the facts already possessed by me, is the only reason which 

 has prevented my entering more fully into the consideration of the 

 twenty generations which the book of Chronicles furnishes of the 

 descendants of Onam, in the line of Nadab. 



Abishur, Busiris or Am-chura seems to have had a tragical fate, 



S5 See App. Book 1, Essays vi. and x. of Rawlinson's Herodotus, and Mr. George Smith's 

 Early History of Babylonia in the Transactions of the Society of Biblical ArohbBology, Vol. i. 

 Part 1. 



58 /&. 



57 Vide, authorities in Guigniaut, i. 433. 



58 There is no doubt that the legendary Busiris occasionally represents Ashchur. 



59 Sir Gardner Wilkinson's Essay in Rawlinson's Herodotus, App. Book ii. Chapter 8. ; 



