420 PKIMITIVE HISTORY OF THE lONIANS. 



of tlie nortli, Antiocli appears with the same title."^ Antioch indeed, 

 as the sequel will prove, is a form of the name of Jonathan, and the 

 many Khan lounes found throughout Palestine, and which have 

 been erroneously supposed to relate to the prophet Jonah, are stages 

 in the progress northward of the family of Onam.'" Stephanus of 

 Byzantium makes the ancient inhabitants of Antioch and other ' 

 Ionian colonies to have been Argives.^^^ These Argives are the 

 peoples of Jerach, Urukh or Jerach-meel. In the Geshurite region 

 the prevailing name is that of Ahban. It is he, as the Greek Pan, 

 who is commemorated in Banias or Paneas,"^ and in the Daphnes of 

 Paneas and of Antioch. Phiala, or Houle, represents his mother, 

 Abihail. Another Beth-Shemesh, and another Beth-Dagon repro- 

 duce the records of Shammai and Jadag found in the south ; and 

 Hannathon preserves the memoiy of Jonathan; while Hermon is 

 undoubtedly a trace of Harum, the son of Ahban. Libanos itself may 

 have taken its name from Ahban, with the Arabic article.-^^'^ It is 

 certainly remarkable to find an Ammonian region up about Paneas, 

 justifying the connection already formed for Ammon as the step- 

 father of Ahban, and the mythological statement that Pan was the 

 foster-brother of Animon.-^^^ I need hardly say that the Greek Pan 

 was worshipped at Paneas. Among the kings of Geshur, Ammihur 

 and Talmai are mentioned.^^* Ammihur is a form very like Am- 

 chura or Abisluir, and may easily have been a con-uption of this 

 ancestral name. As for Talmai, no student of tlie historical records 

 of the JeAvs can fail to notice its etymological connection with the 



113 Stepli. Byzant, lone. *He states that it was built by tlie Argives, who are the family of 

 Jerach. According to a statement in Eusebius, Casus and Belus, sons of Inachus, founded 

 Antioch. Zaza and Peleth, sons of Jonathan, may be the individuals indicated. 



11* Finn, Byeways in Palestine, IBS, 170, 290. Hitzig, die Philistaer, 109. In the lounes 

 Achs and Dors of Palestine, the progress of the Ionian, Achseau, and Dorian Hues can be traced. 

 Among the Philistine tribes those inhabiting Gaza and Aslidod would seem to have been 

 lonians of Onam in the line of Jonathan, while the Ashkelonians were Amorite, the Gittites, 

 Achaeans or Hittites, and the Ekronites, J erachmeelite, of Eker. 



115 Vide supra, Note 113. I do not know as yet whether Argob and Argos denote the sapie 

 Jerachipeelite population. 



116 Paneas and the Greek Peneus mu.st be related, especially as Daphne is represented as 

 the daughter of Peneus. Pan was worsliipped here. Bauier, La Mythologie et Les Fables 

 Expliquees par I'histoire, 1728, i. 183. Finn, Byeways in Palestine, 36G. 



iiif Vide the Coptic Element in Languages of the Indo-European Family, Canadian Journal, 

 Dec, 1872. In that paper I have shewn the identity of the Hebrew Laban with the Gajlic and 

 Erse Ban, and the connection in these widely-separated languages of the ideas of whiteness and 

 of mountains with snow-clad summits. 



118 Guigniaut, iii. 476. 



119 2 Sam. xiii. 37. 



