-116 RAISED BEACHES. 



5. Six inclies to a foot of semi-rounded, cake-like slate 

 stones, and harder rocks of the neighbourhood. The whole 

 resting on the broken and seaward bent edges of coarse olay- 

 slate (probably Silurian), cemented in places by oxide of iron 

 and manganese. 



Section No. 2 is exposed in the cliff a short distance west of 

 Gyllenvase Beach. It shows a patch of sandy-loam and pebbles, 

 which had been washed into a hole in the cliff, and consolidated, 

 and now fills the fissure. Being about three quarters of a mile 

 west of Section No. 1 . 



Section No. 3 is about 20 yards west of No. 2. It shows 

 large blocks of clay-slate perfectly angular, embedded in a matrix 

 of sandy-loam and red sand, with perfectly rounded quartz 

 pebbles. 



Section No. 4 is about 40 yards further west of No. 3, and 

 shows a large fissure in the cliff, the upper part of which is filled 

 with a conglomerated mass of pebbles of quartz, and sandy -loam, 

 similar to that in the foregoing sections. The lower part, now a 

 cavern, was probably also filled with loam and pebbles, and re- 

 excavated by the beat of the sea. 



The whole of these beds are unlike in their structure and 

 materials, those of an ordinary sea-beach, — they contain no sea- 

 shells, or corals, or relics of the sea ; on the contrary the sand is 

 similar to river sand, and the upper bed in which the long 

 pebbles and fractured stones are pitched upright in the loam, is 

 similar to that exposed in inland Sections ; and more particularly 

 to the "head" over glacial deposits. 



How far these beds extended seaward, there is no direct 

 evidence to show ; but landward a similar deposit was found in 

 excavating for the foundations of the Hotel, proving that the 

 beds have a lateral extension, and are not of the form taken by 

 a sea-beach. 



The whole series of the deposits, appear to indicate that a 

 diluvial flood swept over the surface of the ground from the 

 north, after the surface of the land had received its present 

 form ; and when the outline of the coast was in its main features 

 the same as at present. 



