84 JOURNAL AND PROCEEDINGS. 



of 50° F., in about eight hours; and the 

 germ tubes have power to penetrate healthy 

 skin and thus quickly spread the disease. 



Prof. Scribner, in his report of 1887, re- 

 commended spraying the trees in the early Jl^l^i^^^^' ^L'l^'^- 

 spring before the buds began to expand, with inating. 

 sulphate of iron, 4 lbs. to 4 gals, of water ; then, after fruit is set, with 

 Bordeaux mixture. More recently. Prof Taft and Prof Trelease 

 have highly commended the use of ammoniacal copper carbonate. 



This spring, in the last report of the Ohio Experimental Station, 

 we observe that Prof Green asserts that the most satisfactory of the 

 copper compounds for destroying apple scab, with regard to cost, 

 convenience and effectiveness, is the dilute Bordeaux mixture. The 

 method of preparing it is as follows : — Dissolve four pounds of copper 

 sulphate in two gallons of hot water ; add sufficient water to cool it. 

 Slake four pounds of quick lime, add water to make a milk of lime. 

 Pour into copper sulphate through sieve to dissolve the lime better. 

 Dilute to fifty gallons. 



One advantage of this mixture is that Paris green may be used 

 with it, and no injury to the foliage results. The effect should be 

 bright, clean, healthy foliage and fruit, as well as comparative free- 

 dom from curculio and codling- moth. 



In the Journal of Mycology, Vol. VII., No. i. Prof Goff, of 

 Madison, Wisconsin, reports his experiments in 1891 in treating 

 apple scab. He used, chiefly, copper carbonate (i) in suspension, 

 using one ounce to twelve gallons of water, and (2) dissolved in am- 

 • monia, one ounce to twenty-five gallons of water. In the latter case 

 the ounce of salt was first dissolved in a quart of ammonia. 



He found that the copper carbonate applied in suspension, just 

 as we use Paris green, was nearly as effective as when half the 

 amount was used diluted in ammonia, and it had the advantage that 

 Paris green for codling-moth could be safely added. Treating the 

 trees before the opening of the flowers was of great value ; indeed, 

 in one instance, where the Canada Peach apple was sprayed with 

 copper carbonate, it was found that one application previous to the 

 opening of the bloom was more effective than four after. On trees 

 badly infested, the scab reduces the size of the apples so much as to 

 lessen the crop at least twenty per cent., besides rendering a large 

 part of it worthless. 



