Cherty Lime-rock, or Corniferoiis Lime-rock. 69 



lents in European rocks, I called them subordinate rocks, and thus 

 published them in my report of 1824. Before I published the 

 result of later surveys, and my geological map of the state of New- 

 York, and of parts of the adjoining states, in 1830 and 1833, I 

 read De La Beche on red sandstone groups. I adopted his name ; 

 but there remains an incongruity, to be adjusted by state geolo- 

 gists, respecting the equivalency of the two localities, in reference 

 to their order of superposition in geological series. 



On going westerly from Big Salmon Creek, along the south 

 side of Lake Ontario, the gray slate and conglomerate rock (both 

 I called second graywacke) are distinctly seen passing under the 

 red sand-rock, in which the salt springs of Salina, &c., are found. 



No geological fact is more evident to the senses, in my opinion, 

 than that this red sand-rock, with its overlying associates, which 

 I have called the ferriferous strata, (embracing a stratum of red 

 argillaceous iron ore,) the liasoid, (embracing gypsum,) and geo- 

 diferous lime-rock, pass under the great corniferous lime-rock range, 

 at their southern edges. It is equally evident, that they termi- 

 nate at no great distance south of Erie Canal, in their edges, by 

 the approximation of the corniferous lime-rock above, and the 

 second graywacke below. The state geologists are particularly 

 referred to Niagara Falls. Here, and all the way to Queenston, 

 they will see all these strata in the ledgy shores ; and a short dis- 

 tance above the Falls they will see the corniferous lime-rock, lying 

 upon the geodiferous, or fetid limestone, which is the uppermost 

 of the red sandstone group. 



5th Point.-Here geologists should commence their examinations 

 at Madison village in Catskill. The transition lime-rock of Sack- 

 ett's Harbor, Trenton Falls, Fort Clair, Amsterdam, Glenn's Falls, 

 below the ledge of Bethlehem Caverns, at Coeymans, White 

 Rock, &c., is here seen in the bank of Catskill Creek, in its near 

 approach to, and sometimes in contact with, the under side of the 

 corniferous lime-rock. From Madison to Catskill village (about 

 4 miles) may be seen the chief varieties of this rock. The cal- 

 ciferous sand-rock, abounding in quartz crystals, (like the same 

 rock on West Canada Creek, near the Medical Institution at Fair- 

 field,) is found here. The hill east of the village, which forms 

 the west bank of the Hudson River, is geologically below it. 

 This is the s,QX\\n.n.e first graywacke ; which overlies the argillite 

 along the whole course of the river, from Fort Edward to New- 



