190 



Miscellanies. 



The greatest breadth of the head, formed by the occipital bone, is 

 241 inches, and this bone extends nearly to the superior part of the 

 head, a slight curve only being formed above it. This bone, which is 

 171 inches in height, is very rough and uneven, presenting a proper 

 surface for the insertion of large and powerful muscles necessary to 

 support the enormous head of the animal. The distance from the 

 base of the occipital bone, over the superior part of the head to the 

 termination of the intermaxillary bones, is 571 inches. The distance 

 across the superior part of the head, between the temporal fossae, is 

 15f inches ; while the greatest breadth of the head, formed by the 

 zygomatic arches, is 27^ inches. Thus large spaces are left within 

 the temporal fossae to be occupied by powerful muscles. The distance 

 between the orbitary processes, over the anterior part of the head, is 

 22 inches. The interior diameter of the tusk sockets is 5^ inches. 



The under jaw weighed, when taken from the earth, 69 pounds. 

 Its length is 2 feet, 6;^ inches ; and the distance from the top of the 

 condyloid process to the angle of the jaw, is 12| inches ; while the 

 articulating surface of this process is 5| inches. 



These bones were found in a bed of fresh-water marl, formed in a 

 depression of a deposit of yellowish clay, which is a continuous 

 deposit, occupying the western portion of the state. Beneath it, ia 

 geological position, occurs a deposit of dark blue clay, resting uncon- 

 formably on the mountain limestone. These deposits are composed 

 of finely divided particles, disposed in nearly horizontal layers, through 

 which are interspersed pebbles of primary and secondary rocks. These 

 superficial materials often attain a thickness of 150 or 200 feet. 



The boulders, which are found so abundantly throughout the wes- 

 tern part of Ohio, repose upon these materials, and are, therefore, a 

 more recent formation. 



Fig. 2. 





I also send you a drawing of the crown of a molar tooth, (Fig. 2,) 

 belonging to the fossil elephant, exhumed about two years since, in 



