Manchester, 8., and L. Raihvay Extension. 51 



the Derbyshire Coal-measures. These were found resting on coarse 

 grits and sandstones, probably the equivalent of the Millstone Grit.' 

 bouth of Euddington station there is a cutting showing from 3 to 

 12 feet of sand and chalky gravel, with pockets or pipes of clay 

 overlying the marl. Beyond this the line crosses Gotham Moor 

 where numerous small excavations show about a foot of peaty soil 

 over sand and gravel. It is evident that this extensive flat, which 

 stretches from Gotham to Bunny, a distance of about three miles 

 was formerly a swamp or possibly a shallow lake. On the south 

 side the ground rises in the long ridge formed by the Ehsetic beds 

 and the lowest part of the Lias ; but the line joassing in the hollow 

 between the outlier of these beds and the main mass, there is no 

 section in them, and only some whitish-grey or tea-green marls are 

 seen reposing on Red Keuper Marl. 



Opposite East Leake there is a deep cutting showinc^ tea-o-reen 

 marl beneath Drift deposits, the latter consisting of sand\nd ^r&xeX 

 beneath a Boulder-clay, in which there are many well-rounded 

 pebbles ot quartz and fragments of Keuper Sandstone, but very few 

 boulders of any size. With the exception of the doubtful gravels 

 at Kuddington, it will be observed that this is the first really o-lacial 

 section that we have come to ; but to the south of LoughbcTrouoh 

 they become more common and are of greater importance. ° 



South of Leake the railway cuts through the narrow ridge of 

 Lias and Ehastic forming Normanton Hills, and a very interestino- 

 section IS exhibited in these beds. The summit of the rid^e is 

 crossed by a short tunnel, on the north side of which is a lleep 

 cut in grey or tea-green marls surmounted by about 20 feet of 

 dark, finely laminated shales. At the junction of these there is 

 a yellow band about 6 inches thick, but there is no bone-bed, or if 

 there is^it must be in a very fragmentary condition.^ The' beds 

 dip at 6° to the south, and are let down against the Red Marl to the 

 north by a fault which is seen within a few yards of the end of 

 the cutting. Soutli of the tunnel the lower part of the Lias comes 

 on rather rapidly with a dip increasing from 2° to 6°. The beds 

 which constitute the Planorbis-zone, consist of the usuai alternations 

 ot shales and bands of limestone with a thick bed of shale at the 

 bottom resting on a band of nodules. 



Section at Normanton Hills. 



Thin band of limestone ... i . . 



Shale / About 2 or 3 feet, 



ft. in. 



Thin"band of '"limestone [ ^^^^ T'''^ ^^°^®^ 



Shale ) up and weathered. 



Band of limestone 8 



Shale * '" '"' 2 o 



Eand of limestone 3 q 



i^G. E. Coke: Trans. Fed. Inst. Mining Eng. 1896; Proc. Geol. Assoc, vol. xiv, 



- Mr Montagu Browne gives a short but detailed account of this section -Eeport 

 01 the But. Assoc, tor 1895. ■'■ 



