196 Professor T. Rupert Jones — 



and San Francisco Eailroad, several years ago, and pi'esented by him 

 to the British Museum. These are marked with the distances, in 

 kilometres, from Bahia on the railway ; and are provisionally 

 referred by Mr, Mawson, some to the " Cretaceous " and some to the 

 " Wealden " series. None are especially characteristic of these 

 formations ; but the strata containing them have been referred by 

 Mr. C. F. Hartt to his " Bahian " Group of the Lower Cretaceous ; 

 equivalent, he thought, to the Neocomian of Europe. Mr. Hartt 

 was one of the members of the Thayer Expedition, under Louis 

 Agassiz, and published in his " Geology and Geography of Brazil " 

 (1870) the details of his observations made along the'railroad from 

 Bahia to Alagoinhas on the San Francisco River (see pp. 349-372, 

 and 555, 556). 



These more or less fossiliferous beds rest on gneiss ; and there are 

 some overlying Tertiaries (?) at the eastern end of the Pojuca tunnel 

 (p. 371). 



Mr. Hartt's small sketch-map at p. 286 shows the bay, the town, 

 and the railway. The last passes north-eastwardly from Bahia to 

 Moritiba on the Eio Joannes ; and thence northward to Matto de 

 Sao Jo5n, Pitanga, Pojuca, and Alagoinhas. 



Dr. A. C. White, in his "Cretaceous Invertebrate Fossils" of 

 Brazil, 1888, has described and figured manjf of the fossils collected 

 by the Expedition under L. Agassiz, and in Mr. Mawson's collection 

 there ai-e a few of such as Dr. White treats of, but not from the 

 same locality. 



Mr. Hartt refers in a few instances to the occurrence of EstJierics : 

 thus, at p. 349, referring to a group of shales, some black and 

 laminated, and some lighter in colour, micaceous, and not well 

 laminated, at Pedra Furada, not far from Monserrat, he says: " In this 

 shale are to be found layers abounding in Entomostracan remains, of 

 which the most interesting is an Estherian,^ with its valves marked 

 with concentric ridges, like an Astarte, and apparently new." Fish- 

 remains are present. This shale at Pedra Furada is associated 

 with a fossiliferous limestone, shales, sandstone, and conglomerate; 

 continuous with the fossiliferous series, described by Allport,'* at the 

 Fort of Monserrat, Bahia. 



Plantaforma, two miles from Monserrat, in a north-east direction 

 (p. 347), is a hill of the same formation as that at Monserrat, and 

 the same beds are exposed all the way from Plantaforma to the 

 little bay of Periperi, about half a mile from Plantaforma ; and where 

 the railroad passes close to the water's edge (p. 354) there is exposed 

 a section,^ about 10 feet high, of shales and conglomerates, overlying 

 a bone-bed and shales. Reptilian and fish-remains abound in the 

 bone-bed (American Journ. Sci. and Arts, vol. xlviii, May, 1869). 



Just below the station at Pitanga are shales and sandstones 

 (section given at p. 368) ; in one shale, " C," is an Estherian like 



1 Probably the Esiherima Bresiliensis, described fiu-tber on. 

 * Quart. Joura. Geol. Soc, vol. xvi, 1860, pp. 263-8. 



^ J^stheria Mmvsoni, s]). nov. (to be described shortly), and some small Lamelli- 

 branchs appear to belong to this section, at kilometres 12-13 from Bahia. 



