286 Reports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 



(2) North of the town are the Glacial Gravel and Loam of 

 Donnington and the Bath Koad (17 feet), ranging from 254: to 300 

 feet above o.d. At the confluence of the Lamborne and Kennet 

 Yalleys these beds have been much denuded. The thickness, 

 character, and composition of these deposits, as well as those of 

 other gravels, etc., described hereafter, have been cai'efully noted 

 by the author. 



(3) The Kiver-gravels of the Kennet Valley are of great interest, 

 and have been carefully studied by the author at their several 

 exposures, in Bull's Lane, the Enbourne Road, etc. Here the 

 Upper Elver-gravel forms fine broad terraces at about 260 feet o.d. 

 Palgeolithic flint implements are not uncommon in this gravel. 

 Bones and teeth of mammoth, common and extinct ox, sheep, pig, 

 horse, and reindeer have also been found in it. Immediately north 

 of Newbury this terrace is cut off locally from the town by an east- 

 and-west fault at Northcroft, but is distinct a little farther to the west. 



(4) The Lower Eiver-gravel lies in the middle of the valley under 

 the peat-beds of Newbury, and rests on the Cbalk. It appears to 

 have been derived from all the other gravels, but with a large per- 

 centage of flints direct from the Chalk. It is about 10 feet thick 

 locally, and at some places has a white clay at its base. 



The author finds that this gravel forms ridges across the valley, 

 which seem to have been the limits of shallow-water areas, in which 

 peat-bogs and clear pools with river-shells were locally produced (5), 

 giving rise to patches and alternations of peat and marl. These 

 varied in extent and in thickness, according to the damming-up of 

 the lakes and their being drained by the currents causing gaps in 

 the gravel-barriers, which are more or less easily traced. The peat 

 varies from mere seams to beds 5 or 6 feet in thickness, and the 

 marl from a few inches to 8 feet. The shells and bones found in 

 the peat and shell-marl are enumerated, much as in earlier lists ; so 

 also are the plant-remains. 



Above the peat-beds in the town of Newbury about 4 feet of 

 coarse triturated gravels represent layers of road-material laid down 

 in Eoman and medigeval times ; these are blackened with ancient 

 sewage, and contaili various metal and other relics. Cannon-balls 

 fired from Donnington in 1644 a.d. occurred only 18 inches below 

 the road-surface ; " macadam " has been accumulated on the top to 

 a thickness of 2| feet. A pile-structure of fir-wood was discovered 

 in the peat in St. Bartholomew Street. 



[Full references to published memoirs on the subjects of this paper 

 and some additional JSotes are given in an Appendix ; and Notes on 

 the Mollusca are contributed by Messrs. A. S. Kennard and B. B. 

 Woodward.] 



3. "The Mollusca of the Chalk Eock : Part II." By Henry 

 Woods, Esq., M.A., F.G.S. 



The first part of this paper, dealing with the Cephalopoda, 

 Gasteropoda, and Scaphopoda, appeared in the last volume of the 

 Quarterly Journal (vol. Hi, p. 68). In the present communication 

 the author gives an account of the characters, synonymy, and 



