492 Horace B. Woodicard — The Chalky Boulder-clay. 



The Eev. J. M. Wilson noticed that at Bilton, near Eugby, the 

 Lias Clay was contorted beneath glacial sand and gravel.^ In that 

 neighbourhood the Drifts lie very irregularly on the Lias, and 

 there is evidence of sand and gravel above as well as below the 

 Boulder-clay. 



In 1870 Mr. C. J. Woodward drew attention to certain " Swilleys " 

 or disturbed surfaces in the Lower Lias of Grafton and Binton, in 

 Warwickshire. His illustrations depict these features as identical 

 with others in tlie same district to which I have subsequently drawn 

 attention — in ignorance at the time of his much earlier observations.^ 



At Church Honeybourne, east of Evesham, the Lower Lias Clay 

 is contorted, and again at South Littleton the exposed beds of 

 limestone and clay were nipped up on the surface in a series 

 of sharp folds. As far west as Croome D'Abitot, near Pershore, in 

 Worcestershire, similar evidences of surface - disturbance were 

 observed.^ Probably the " Lias clay with contorted beds of Lias 

 limestone " noted in the railway - cutting at Dunhamstead by 

 Strickland, in 1840, exhibited features of the same character.^ At 

 Halford, north of Shipston-on-Stour, I noticed that the beds of 

 White Lias were much disturbed in places. 



Fig. 2. — Section about one mile south of Surlingham St. Mary, near Norwich. 



2. BroAvn stony loam (decalcified Boulder-clay) with unweathered remnants 



of Chalky Boulder-clay, 3 feet. 

 1 . Blue clay and laminated clay and sand : contorted, 5 feet. 



In this region, although the disturbances are similar to those 

 produced by glacial action, we have (with the exception of the 

 Aston Magna Drift) no distinct evidence of Boulder-clay, the super- 

 ficial deposit being a few feet of reddi?h-brown clay with pebbles 

 of quartz and quartzite. This is no doubt the deposit described 

 by T. G. B. Lloyd as "light-red, sandy, unstratified clay, compact 

 and hard, containing quartzose pebbles and a few boulders, which 

 occasionally exhibit traces of glacial action." He observes that 

 it is the "General Quartzose Drift" of Strickland and the "Northern 



' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxvi, pp. 194, 196; and Eep. Eugby Nat. Hist. 

 Soc. for 1869, p. 30. 



2 Proc. Birmingham Nat. Hist. Soc. for 1870, p. 63. The labours of Mr. W. J. 

 Harrison in preparing a bibliography of Midland Glaciology were thus appreciated. 

 Mr. Harrison has since published a similar work for Norfolk. 



^ H. B. W. , " Jurassic Bocks of Britain," vol. iii, pp. 146, 150. 



* Proc. Geol. Soc, vol. iii, p. 314. 



