F. R. Conner Heed — Geology of Waterford. 507 



containing nodular layers largely composed of Stenopora (?) lyco- 

 perdon. The black slates are exposed on the foreshore, and mostly 

 only at low-water, between Tramore and Lady Elizabeth's Cove. 

 The limestones form generally the base or whole face of the cliffs 

 in the intervals between the igneous rocks. Where the sequence 

 of beds is distinct, the black slates are found to become calcareous 

 in their upper portion and to pass into thin-bedded shaly limestones, 

 which are succeeded by the arenaceous nodular limestones, as may 

 be seen near Lady Elizabeth's Cove. North of Lady Doneraile's 

 Cove, however, and towards Tramore, the relations of these beds 

 are much confused by faulting, folding, and intrusions of igneous 

 rocks, and a fault-breccia frequently occurs along the line of their 

 junction. 



Fossils have not been found in the main mass of these slates ; but 

 in the small cove nearly opposite Cai'rigaghalia and adjoining on the 

 north that cove called the '• Ladies' batliing-place," there are seen in 

 the cliffs black soft fissile argillaceous slates, dipping at 80° WNW., 

 which in the Ladies' Cove are much pierced by igneous intrusions 

 and contain graptolites (Fig. 1). Unfortunately their relation to 



Fig. 1. — Section in Cove opposite Carrigaghalia. 



G. Graptolitic black shales, with thin flags and calcareous hands. 



S. Flags. 



D. Intrusive diabase. 



I. Intrusive andesitic dolerite, enclosing patches of G. 



F. Fault. 



the arenaceous limestones of the cliffs north of Lady Elizabeth's 

 Cove is not here seen, but in lithological characters they may be 

 compared with the much crushed black slates between Lady 

 Doneraile's Cove and Tramore, in which, however, no fossils have 

 yet been found. These underlie the arenaceous limestones ; and 

 for palaeontological reasons, as will appear, we must consider the 

 graptolitic slates of the Ladies' Bathing Cove also to belong to a 

 stratigraphical horizon immediately below the arenaceous limestones. 



The following graptolites were collected by me in the black slates 

 of the Ladies' Bathing Cove ^ : — 



Climacograptus perexcavatus, Lapw. Dicranograptus Nicholsoni, Hopk. 



Cryptograptus, sp. D. ramosus, Hall 



Bicellograptus sextans, Hall (?) 



1 Miss G. EUes, of Newnham College, kindly identified these for me. 



