560 Reviews — Maryland Geological Survey. 



sometimes an unsparing judge of the characters of other men. He 

 was a born logician. Of his geniality it is enough to say that social 

 gatherings at which he consented to be a guest were sure to be 

 successful. The simplicity of his tastes, of his mode of living, aud 

 of his general demeanour, was never spoiled by the flattery, direct 

 and indirect, of which he was so frequently the recipient. To his 

 scientific purposes he stuck unflinchingly, and he was no less staunch 

 to his friends. 



II, — Maryland Geological Survey. Vol. I, 1897. 8vo, pp. 539. 

 (Baltimore : the Johns Hopkins Press.) 



THE present State Geological aud Economic Survey of Maryland 

 was established in 1896. Its objects are — (1) an examination 

 of the geological formations of the State, with especial reference to 

 their economic products, such as building-stones, clays, ores, and 

 other mineral substances ; (2) an examination and classification of 

 the soils and a study of their adaptability to particular crops ; and 

 (3) an examination of the physical featui'es of the State with 

 reference to their practical bearing upon the occupations of the 

 people. It was decided that these objects should be duly carried 

 out by the preparation of maps and reports ; and Dr. William 

 Bullock Clark, Professor of Geology in the Johns Hopkins University, 

 was happily chosen as State Geologist. 



The present handsome volume is intended to serve as a pre- 

 liminary account of the physiography, geology, and mineral resources 

 of Mai'yland. It is well printed, and well illustrated, with excellent 

 coloured maps and pictorial views ; and we may heartily congratulate 

 the State and the State Geologist on this first instalment of the great 

 work which has been undertaken. 



There is no doubt that in any Geological Survey organized at the 

 public expense, the main endeavour must be to determine and to 

 assist in developing the economic resources of the country. Such 

 work can only be carried out by those who possess scientific training 

 and enthusiasm ; and while in all geological surveys there must 

 naturally be a blending of pure science with applied science, it must 

 always be remembered that the applied science is of most interest 

 and of most importance to the community. 



Professor Clark gives an instructive Historical Sketch of the pro- 

 gress of investigation into the physical features aud natural resources 

 of Maryland, and this is supplemented by a copious Bibliography 

 and Cartography of the State, drawn up by Mr. E. B. Mathews. 

 It is interesting to learn that the earliest reference dates back to 

 1612, while the earliest notice of certain clays and gravels was 

 published by Captain John Smith in 1624. The mother-country can 

 hardly go back further than this. Brickyards and iron-mines were 

 opened during the seventeenth century ; and many miscellaneous 

 notes on minerals and other subjects were from that time published. 



The first State Geological Survey was made during the years 

 1834-4:1, almost as soon as Great Britain had been induced to 

 recognize the desirabilitj' of having an official geological survey. 



