Remeivs — Maryland Geological Survey. 561 



Later on, from 1848 to 1862, investigations were carried on by the 

 State Agricultural Chemists ; and Mr, Tyson prepared a geological 

 map of the State on the scale of 12 miles to an inch. As Professor 

 Clark observes, this was " by far the most complete representation 

 of Maryland's geology that had been attempted up to that time." 

 In 1887 the Experiment Station of Maryland was called into 

 existence for research-work in agricultural and kindred subjects. 



Meanwhile the organization of the Johns Hopkins University in 

 1876 had inaugurated a new period of scientific activity in Mary- 

 land. "The laboratories of the University were equipped for the 



study of the broadest problems of scientific enquir}'^ 



The Geological Department was organized in 1883, when Dr. George 

 H. Williams began his connection with the institution as an instructor 

 of mineralogy. His appointment marks the beginning of a period 

 of investigation of the geology and mineral resources of the State 

 that has been carried on by his associates and successors continuously 

 to the present day." This period, as Professor Clark shows, has 

 been by far the most important in the stud}-^ of the geology of 

 Maryland. Almost from the first the members of the geological 

 department have carried on their investigations in close co-operation 

 with the United States Geological Survey, and frequentl}' as members 

 of its staff; and this official co-operation will be maintained. In 

 1887 Professor Clark joined the University as instructor of strati- 

 graphic geology and paleeontology, and his researches on the 

 Cretaceous and Eocene formations, in particular are well known. 



The new Survey will be based on topographic maps executed 

 by the United States Geological Survey, and these will be published 

 on the scale of two miles to an inch. As the State extends from 

 the Atlantic Ocean to the crest of the AUeghanies, it comprises 

 a great variety of physical features, of geological formations, soils, 

 and mineral resources. Professor Clark gives a comprehensive 

 outline of the present state of knowledge on these matters ; and 

 in his Table of Maryland Formations he notes Archgean, Cambrian, 

 Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian (?), Triassic, Jurassic (?), 

 Cretaceous, Eocene, Neocene, and Pleistocene. The local formations 

 are indicated by distinctive terms such as the Juniata (red Medina), 

 and the Tuscarora (white Medina) in the Silurian, the Mauch Chunk 

 in the Carboniferous, and the Pamunkey in the Eocene. After 

 giving an account of the numerous formations Professor Clark 

 devotes attention to the Mineral Resources, including Building and 

 Decorative Stones, Slate, Limes and Cements, Clays, Sands, Porce- 

 lain Materials, Marls, Iron Ores, Coals, Gold, Mineral Paints, 

 Diatomaceous Earth, Mineral Waters, Road Materials, and mis- 

 cellaneous products. The volume concludes with a First Report 

 upon Magnetic Work, contributed by Mr. L. A. Bauer. 



We heartily compliment Professor Clark on this successful 

 commencement of his work, and more especially so as nothing which 

 this country has been able to issue in connection with its Official 

 Geological Survey can compare, in its mode of pi*esentation to the 

 public, with this First Report of the new Geological Survey of 



DBCADE IV. VOL. IV. NO. XII. 36 



