IDENTIFIED IN THE MYTH OF ADONIS. 39 



Bluseum, contains the account of an imaginary journey made into Syria 

 by an Egyptian functionary, at the end of the reign of Rameses II., 

 after the conclusion of the final peace with the Hittites/' ^° These and 

 similar facts, the records of which abound upon the walls of Egypt's 

 temples and palaces, abundantly establish the existence of relations of 

 the most intimate kind between the two countries. 



In view of the intercourse which thus appears to have been main- 

 tained from a very early period between the three peoples — Egyptians, 

 Phoenicians and Greeks — there can be no antecedent improbability^ in 

 the supposition or assumption that the knowledge of one of the greatest 

 national calamities the world has ever seen, happening to one of them, 

 should be possessed and retained by the others. If, as is not unlikely, 

 the story were imported by emigrants from the land in which the event 

 it described took place, it would be told and handed down in such a way 

 as would naturally give wrong ideas of persons and places. Thus, an 

 Alsatian removing to the German side of the Rhine might entertain 

 his children with stories of "the Emperor" and "his people," by 

 which he would mean Napoleon and the French, and which they would 

 be in danger of interpreting William and the Germans. The Phoeni- 

 cian, midway between the Egyptian and the Greek, presents a somewhat 

 analogous case. We need not then be surprised to find Pharaoh dis- 

 guised in Phoenician or even in Greek wrappings. These circumstances 

 of time and place have been found to vary so greatly even in regard to 

 modern stories with a well-ascertained historical basis, that the identity 

 of ancient characters and events should no more be measured by them 

 than the personal identity of a man by the cut of his clothes. Consi- 

 derations such as these, however, come more within the province of my 

 third proposition. 



II.^ACENCHERES MeSPHRES ThOTHMOSIS WAS THE PhARAOH OE 



THE Exodus ; and in his reign this intimate connection 



EXISTED. 



The Bible is the only ancient record that gives us anything like 

 a straightforward account of the Exodus of Israel from Egypt. 

 We have other partial and disguised narratives from profane writers, 

 in the works of Josephus,^^ and Eusebius.^'' Diodorus Siculus 

 reports a tradition of the Ichthyophagi, to the eflfect that, on one 



60 Lenormant and Chevalier's Manual, vol. ii, p. 160. 



61 As those of Manetho, Cbaeremon and Lysimachus. 



62 As those of Manetho, Artapanus and Polemo. 



