IDEXTIPIED IN THE MYTH OP ADONIS. 41 



placed the Thothmoses to the number of four; and the Rameses to the 

 number of fourteen represent the 19th dynasty. My firm conviction 

 is that Thothmosis and Rameses are different names for the same indi- 

 vidual. Time will permit me to do little more than to indicate the line 

 of argument which I would pursue in order to justify this statement. 



1. Their shields, giving not only the name Thothmosis or Rameses, 

 but also various titles of honour, are found confusedly (if they be 

 different persons) on many buildings, which one or more Thothmoses 

 and many Rameses are together represented as erecting, so that there is 

 hardly a temple of a Thothmosis that a Rameses is not supposed to 

 have finished two hundred years after.®^ 



2. They overcame the same enemies in the same localities, and have 

 the same products presented to them as tribute by the same peoples, 

 under precisely similar circumstances.''" 



3. In their family relations, the names of their wives, the gods 

 worshipped by them, and the length of their reigns, as well as in their 

 immediate ancestors, there are great points of resemblance, that might 

 be termed remarkable coincidences, to which the history of other lands 

 and ages affords no parallel.^* 



4. Tacitus ascribes the tablet, expounded by the Egyptian priests in 

 the hearing of Grermanicus, to a Rameses ; ^° but Osburn and others 

 agree that it is of Thothmosis.^^ This very statistical tablet of Karnak 

 mentions the setting up of a stele in Naharaina, and th« form of the 

 stele, as represented in the inscription, exactly corresponds with those 

 cut in the rock at Nahrelkelb bearing the image of Rameses III.'^' 



Pliny seems to indicate,^^ and Ammianus Marcellinus plainly states, 

 in his Greek translation of the hieroglyphic inscription,®^ that the obelisk 

 now in the Piazza del Popolo at Rome was erected by a Rameses, while 

 it really bears the name of Thothmosis IV. ^'^ 



82 Kenrick's Ancient Egypt under the Pharaohs, ii, 181, 215, 224: De Lanoye's Eameses the 

 Great, translated. New York, 1870, p. 172 ; Lepsius' Letters from Egypt, 248-9. 



63 Kenrick, ii, 216 ; also compare 178 and 213. Lenormant and Chevalier, i, 240, &c. ; Ken- 

 rick, ii, 226 ; Rawlinsou's Herodotus, Appendix, book ii, c. S, p. 310. 



51 As tlie female regent tliat is found with similar relationships in each case ; the names 

 common to queens of Thothmoses and Barneses, Ahmes, Nofre Ari and Atari ; the gods Ra 

 Thoth, Amun, &c. ; the two long reigns of Thothmosis III. and Rameses II. ; and the descent 

 of each from Horus. 



65 Tacitus Annales, ii, 60. 



^ Osburn, ii, 453 ; Kenrick, ii, 192. 



67 Kenrick, ii, 190. 



68 Pliny Hist. Nat. L. xxxvi, c. 13, &c. 

 63 ^m. Marcell. L. xvii, c. 4. 



'0 Sharpe's Early History of Egypt. 



