48 THE PHARAOH OF THE EXODUS 



is loath to think that the daughter of Pharaoh, who saved the infant 

 Moses, is the utterly abandoned woman of whom the monuments 

 speak. There may easily have been more than one daughter of the 

 great Mesphres, exercising at different times a regal or vice-regal prero- 

 gative, since Lenormant gives the name of the guardian of young 

 Thothmosis' minority as Hatasu,"^ which is plainly the Atossa of 

 ancient story, made the same as Semiramis, and a name different from 

 any mentioned by Egyptian historiographers in this connection. Still, 

 even Hatasu assumes the dress and names of a man,"® as does Amenses 

 or Amenset, occupying the same position between ThotTimosis I. and 

 Thothmosis III. Josephus, who calls the princess that saved Moses 

 Thermuthis,"' places before Mesphres a princess named Amerses or 

 Amesses, and a little later mentions another princess called Acencheres, 

 daughter of Horus."^ For the latter no confirmation can be found, 

 and the former is easily reconciled with Amenses. The name Amerses 

 is not unlike the Merris of Artapanus or even the Damris of Bar- 

 Hebraeus. The Alexandrian chronicle calls the same queen Myrina. 

 I may also state that, as Bar-Hebraeus makes Damris the daughter of 

 Amenophath, so we find that Amenset is called the sister of Ameno- 

 phis, son of Thothmosis, and daughter of Amosis or Thothmosis 

 himself"' There is much obscurity here in the matter of relationships, 

 which it would be useless to attempt to remove in this paper. The 

 great facts that stand out prominently amid it all, and which are quite 

 sufficient for the purposes of argument, are that the dynastic names, 

 Acencheres, Mesphres and Thothmosis, are intimately connected with 

 the Pharaoh of the Exodus, and that two of the monarchs bearing 



115 Lenormant & Chevalier's Manual, i, 229. 



110 The facts of a warlike queen succeeding a great oonriueror such as Mesphres Thothmosis, 

 of her dress and liabits being those of a man, of the names connected witli her being Ahmes, 

 Amosis, Amesses, &c,, and of other names applied to her being Hatasu (Atossa) and Myrina, are 

 strong links to bind the traditional Semiramis and the Amazons in one-. I do not dwell on 

 Menones, Ascalon, Jupiter Amnion as connected with the myth of Semiramis, nor on the Indian 

 Umes (Ahmes) whence Umasoona, or the Semi-Ramessi, botli of whom are Parvati : these I 

 hope to take up on a future occasion. 



11'' Josephus Antiq. ii, ix, 7. Thermuthis is simply Toermaut, great mother. 



118 Id. Cont. Ap. i, 15. The confusion in this extract from Manetho is very great. The 

 Mephres who follows Amesses is plainly the Pharaoh of the Exodus, with his twelve years' reign. 

 The preceding Amenophis is the son of Thothmosis who died before him, generally called Thoth- 

 mosis II. Chebron is altogether out of place : and the first Tethmosis is the first Mesphres. 

 The rest of the list is a simple repetition of the two kings wlio ruled independently, the one 

 that during his lifetime acted as viceroy, and the queen tliat stands between the two former, 

 and is called sister of the latter. 



119 Kenrick's Ancient Egypt, ii, 172. 



