522 THE HORITES. 



Horites, whose position geographically would bring them, if my 

 hypothesis be correct, within its limits. 



The only Shobal mentioned in the Bible, apart from the families of 

 the Horites, is one that appears in 1 Chron. ii. 50, 52, and iv. 1, 2. 

 The verses are, " These ai-e the sons of Caleb the son of Hur (called 

 also, 1 Chron. ii. 19, the father of Hur), the first-born of Ephratah ; 

 Shobal, the father of Kirjath-jearim. And Shobal, the father of 

 Kirjath-jearim, had sons ; Haroeh and half of the Manahethites. 

 The sons of Judah ; Pharez, Hezron, and Carmi and Hur and 

 Shobal. And E,eaiah (or Haroeh) the son of Shobal begat Jahath ; 

 and Jahath begat Ahumai and Lahad. These are the families of the 

 Zorathites." Among the families of Kirjath-jearim are mentioned, 

 in the 53rd verse of the second chapter, the Zareathites, Avhom a 

 glance at the Hebrew text will show to be the same as the so-called 

 Zorathites. The name Hur is identical with the root of the word 

 Horite. As for Caleb he is ubiquitous throughout the second 

 chapter, and his name is, from its meaning, clearly Gentile. Be this 

 as it may, we have a Shobal, itself not an Israelitish name, in con- 

 nection with other Gentile appellations, and notably with a Hur, 

 who is not the father of IJri, of whom came the wise Bezaleel 

 (1 Chron. ii. 20, Exodus xxxi. 2), and whose name agrees with the 

 Horite parentage of another Shobal, frequently mentioned. He is 

 the father of Kirjath-jearim. Now Kirjath-jearim (Joshua ix. 17) 

 was a city of the Gibeonites, and continued to be so, for the Gibeon- 

 ites made peace with Israel by artifice. But these Gibeonites were 

 Hivites (Joshua ix. 7, xi. 19), and so also are the Horites called 

 (Gen. xxxvi. 2.) The name Hivite, I am convinced, does not desig- 

 nate Hamitic or any other kind of descent ; nevertheless it forms a 

 link to bind Kirjath-jearim and the Horite stock. More important 

 is the fact that the second son of Shobal, the Horite, and of that 

 Shobal who is mentioned in the book of Chronicles, is Manahath, a 

 name ixnknown in the annals of Israel. Hur, Shobal, and Manahath, 

 form already a threefold cord for the Horite connection. A difficulty 

 apj)ears, however, in the eldest son of the Shobal of Chronicles, who 

 is Ha (the definite article) Roeh or Reaiah, as contrasted with the 

 Alvan or Allan of the Horite. I confess that this staggered me for 

 a time, but disappeared as soon as I began to investigate the meaning 

 of the two words. The name Alvan or Allan is a somewhat Punic 

 form of the word Elioun, the most high, and corresponds with the 



