REVIEWS, TRANSLATIONS, AND SELECTED ARTICLES. 129 



in question, is now desirable. The Chinese variety employed in 

 M. Jourdan's second series of observations, passes through its various 

 stages in the course of a few months ; but the phenomenon of 

 parthenogenesis will be found limited, in all probability, to a single 

 generation. E. J. C. 



ON THE COMPARATIVE PROGRESS OF THE POPULATION 



OF ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND, AS SHEWN 



BY THE CENSUS OF 1861. 



BY JOHN STRANG, LL.D., 



CITY CH AMBEEIAI If OF GLASGOW. 



(From the Journal of the Statistical Society : December 1861.) 



If some distant and untutored foreigner happened to cast his eye 

 over the map of the world, and were told by some enlightened 

 bystander that within the comparatively small islands of Great 

 Britain and Ireland there resided the elements of a first-rate political 

 power, he would no doubt feel some little surprise at the intelligence ; 

 particularly were he, at the same time, informed that within the 

 boundaries of Great Britain itself there was only a surface area of 

 about 57 millions of statute acres. But the foreigner's surprise 

 would be perhaps still greater were he further told that, while the 

 southern portion of the island, called England and Wales — with a 

 surface of little more than 37 millions of acres — had a population (as 

 ascertained by the late Census, exclusive of the army and navy, and 

 merchant service abroad) of 20,061,725 ; the northern portion, called 

 Scotland — with a territorial surface of upwards of 20 millions of 

 acres — contained only 3,061,329 inhabitants. Such, however, are 

 the real facts of the case ; and those like ourselves, who are acquaint- 

 ed with the distinctive physical peculiarities of the two portions of 

 Great Britian, will feel little wonder about it. 



There is, however, a subject connected with this territorial division 

 of England and Scotland, and their distinctive populations, which is 

 not so easily understood — we mean the fact, as shown by the Census 

 returns of the present century, that there has existed for some con- 

 siderable time, and particularly of late years, a marked difference in 

 the ratio of the progress of the population within the limits assigned 

 to the southern and northern portions ol' Great Britain respectively. 



Vol. VIII. I 



