146 GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY. 



a portion of the food of Dendrerpeton or its allies. I may mention here that in 

 other coprolites quantities of segments of Xylobius occur, and that there are 

 some little groups of bones of very small reptiles, which are probably coprolitic. 



The beds on a level with the top of this erect tree are arenaceous sandstones, 

 with numerous erect Calaniites. I searched the surfaces of these beds in vain 

 for bones or footprints of the Reptiles which must have traversed them, and 

 which, but for the hollow erect trees, would apparently have left no trace of 

 their existence. On a surface of similar character, 60 feet higher, and separated 

 by three coals with their accompaniments, and a very thick compact sandstone, 

 I observed a series of footprints which may be those of Dendrerpeton or Hylono- 

 mus. The impressions are too obscure to show the toes distinctly. They are 

 half an inch in length, with a stride of about 2 inches. On neighbouring layers 

 were pits resembling rain-marks, and trails or impressions of a kind which I 

 have not before observed. They consist of rows of transverse depressions, about 

 an inch in length and I of an inch in breadth. Each trail consists of two of 

 these rows running parallel to each other, and about 6 inches apart. Their 

 direction curves abruptly, and they sometimes cross each other. From their 

 position they were probably produced by a land or freshwater animal — possibly 

 a large Crustacean or gigantic Annelide or Myriapod. In size and general 

 appearance they slightly resemble the curious Climactichnites of Sir W. E. Logan, 

 from the Potsdam Sandstone of Canada. 



I have long looked in vain for remains of land-animals in any other situation 

 than the erect trees of the bed above referred to ; but on my last visit I was 

 much gratified by finding shells of Pupa vetusta in a bed of 1217 feet below the 

 former, in the upper part of No. 8 of my section, or about 15 feet below Coal 

 No. 37 of Logan's section. The bed in questioa is a grey and greyish-blue 

 under-clay, full of Stigmarian rootlets, though without any coal or erect trees 

 at its surface. It is 7 feet thick, with sandstone above and below. The shells oc- 

 cur very abundantly in a thickness of about 2 inches. They have been imbedded 

 entire; but most of them have been crushed and flattened by pressure. They 

 occur in all stages of growth ; but the most careful examination did not enable 

 me to detect any new species. With them were a few fragments of bone, 

 probably reptilian. This discovery establishes the existence of Pupa vetusta in 

 this locality during the deposition of twenty-one coal-seams, and the growth and 

 burial of at 1 mst twenty forests ; and from the occurrence of numerous speci- 

 mens at both extremes of this range, without any other species, it would seem as 

 if, for this locality at least, this was the only representative of the shell-bearing 

 Pulmonates. 



I append a list of the specimens forwarded to the Museum of the Society, 

 and which, with those formerly sent, constitute a complete collection of the air- 

 breathing animals hitherto recognized in the Coal-measures of Nova Scotia, 



List of specimens of Reptiles, Sfc, from the Coal-formation of Nova Scotia, 



accompanying this paper. 

 1. Hylonomus Lyelli. A nearly complete skeleton, and the maxillary bone and 

 teeth of another specimen. 



