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THE CANADIAN JOURNAL. 



No. XXXIX.— MAY, 1862. 



NEW SERIES. 



NOTES ON ANCHOR ICE. 



BY T. C. KEEPER, ESQ. 



CIVIL ENGINEEK. 



Bead lefore the Canadian Institute, February 1st, 18G2. 



Those who visit Montreal for the first time during the season of 

 navigation, will be struck with the absence of warehouses upon or 

 near the wharves ; and — unless previously informed of the fact — will 

 be surprised to learn that those wharves, at which transatlantic vessels 

 are loading and discharging, are, for four months in the year, invisible, 

 — being submerged from the middle of December until the middle of 

 April : — that the Sault Normand, opposite the city, is obliterated, and 

 that, over the track of that swift current which can now only be 

 stemmed by the most powerful steamers, winter roads for the heaviest 

 description of traffic are regularly balizeed out, and maintained, for 

 one-third or one-fourth of the year. 



The average winter level of the St. Lawrence, opposite Montreal, is 

 about fifteen feet above the summer one, but the extreme range from 

 the lowest summer level has, at the taking or departure of the ice, 

 sometimes attained a maximum of twenty-five feet. 



A full and graphic description of the causes which bring about this 



Vol. VII. M 



