REVIEWS — DR. LANKESTER's LECTURES. 365 



you see he is evidently proyided with instruments to enable him to prepare for 

 his digestion both vegetable and animal food. I might prolong this argument 

 by shewing you the complicated structure of the stomach of the sheep and the 

 ox, and comparing this with the stomach of the lion, point to the fact that the 

 human stomach has neither the complicated structure of the one nor the sim- 

 plicity of the other. There are many other points of structure in which mau 

 seems to stand between these two groups of animals — the herbivorous on the 

 one side and the carnivorous on the other — which would seem to indicate his 

 adaptation for taking both kinds of food. 



" But whatever may be the arguments of the vegetarians, they do not practi- 

 cally carry out their doctrines, for they partake of considerable quantities of 

 annual food. They take milk and butter, and cheese and eggs. Dr. Carpenter 

 states, in a recent review, that he had taken a vegetarian cookery-book, and cal- 

 culated the quantity of milk, butter and eggs employed in their food, and found 

 that, if a vegetarian family lived in accordance with the rules of this book, 

 each member would consume half an ounce more animal food a day than he 

 did in his own family, — and he was no vegetarian. So that you see people are 

 deceiving themselves who enforce such a doctrine as this. 



" On the other hand, there are some persons who advocate a diet of purely 

 animal food. I had a book sent me the other day, written by a gentleman at 

 Liverpool, who states that he has discovered that the panacea for all human 

 evils is the taking of animal food alone ; and he takes the opportunity of 

 Stating that he is looking for some young lady of similar principles and prac- 

 tice who will link her fortunes with his own, and establish a family of carni- 

 vorians. 



" There is no question that man may live on a purely vegetable diet ; but the 

 question is as to whether that kind of diet is best for the community. We find 

 in the history of man that those races who have partaken of animal food are 

 the most vigorous, the most moral, and the most intellectual races of mankind. 

 You find that the ancient Jews, although they had certain sanitary regulations 

 with regard to killing and eating animals, partook largely of meat, and were 

 amongst the most vigorous people of their day. We find in modern Europe that 

 those nations who take the most animal food are the strongest ; and amongst 

 ourselves, it is just in proportion as we give our labourers animal food, or wages 

 to procure it, that they are stronger and better able to do their work. It is vain 

 for a man to expect to get through intellectual or physical labour without an 

 abundant supply of the material of thought and of physical power, and I have 

 shewn you that animal food is one of the readiest means of affording this 

 supply." 



Passing on to what forms the second course of lectures contained 

 in this volume, relating to the second class of articles of food termed 

 medicinal or auxiliary, we have first a very full account of the 

 nature, production and efFects of alcohol and the various drinks which 

 contain it ; and our teetotal friends will find that our learned author. 



