380 TRANSLATIONS AND SELECTED ARTICLES. 



piece of chert, together with various splinters of flint, which had 

 apparently been knocked off in the manufacture of some implement, 

 rewarded our search. Two rudely fashioned bone arrow-heads were 

 also found, which unfortunately have since disappeared ; they resem- 

 bled in shape an equilateral triangle with the angles at the base 

 levelled off. All were found in and around the same spot, between 

 the dark bands of manganese, in contact with some Hj'^aena-teeth, at 

 a depth of four feet from the roof, and at a distance of 12 feet from 

 the present entrance. 



That there might be no mistake about the accuracy of the observa- 

 tions, I examined every shovelful of debris as it was thrown out by 

 the workmen ; while the exact spot where they were excavating was 

 watched by Mr. Williamson. The white flint spear-head was picked 

 out of the undisturbed matrix by him ; the remainder of the imple- 

 ments were found by me in the earth thrown out from the same place. 

 Thus there can be no doubt as to their exact position ; and error of 

 observation is rendered very improbable. Two of the specimens are 

 similar in workmanship and general outline, though not in size, with 

 two of the typical forms found at Amiens and Abbeville, which 

 Evans terms respectively spear-heads and sling-stones. The spear- 

 head is of white»flint : in outline, size, and workmanship it resemble* 

 a beautiful semi-transparent quartz-rock specimen from the burial- 

 mounds of North America, in the possession of Dr. Acland. The 

 bone arrow-heads resembled most strongly in size and outline a flint 

 arrow-head, also from the burial-mounds of North America, and in 

 the possession of Dr. Acland. The chert arrow-head is dissimilar 

 to any that I have seen. A splinter, which is bounded on one side 

 by a straight cutting edge, appears to me to have been used as a knife, 

 and to have been intentionally chipped into its present form for that- 

 purpose. 



But what inference can be drawn from these signs of Man's pre- 

 sence in a Hysena-den filled with unmistakeable remains of a fauna, 

 now extinct in Europe ? Was the fabricator a contemporary of the 

 British Cave-bear, Rhinoceros, Mammoth, and their congeners ? Or 

 did he leave his instruments in the cave at a time posterior to that of 

 the other creatures whose remains are associated with them in the 

 Post-glacial period ? If the former be answered in the affirmative, 

 Man, instead of ha-sing appeared on the earth some 6000 or 7000 years 

 ago, must have existed at a time anterior to the glacial epoch, and at 



