NOMENCLATURE. 11 3' 



Lam, La, &c. ; 200 with Pol; 200 with Car, Caer. Some of these 

 of course differ but little in the spelling, though referring to differ- 

 ent places ; and some are only variations in the orthography of the 

 same place. Many of these, especially those of boundary marks, 

 fields, and enclosures, were doubtless affixed at the time of making 

 a survey or valuation of a property, when it would be necessary 

 to distinguish one place from another, by an appropriate name. 

 Striking natural objects, of a permanent character, would, we may 

 suppose, first be selected; and, failing these, some temporary 

 feature ; and thus, in KemUe's Codex Diplomaticus, Oliver's Monas- 

 ticon, and similar works, in the boundaries of properties described, 

 we frequently find a particular tree (treow, Sax._j mentioned. 

 Possibly this " tree " may have given rise to some of our Tres, and 

 to most of the final trys, tres, in other parts of the country. 

 Sometimes a fence, a cross, a house, a hut or barn even, is given 

 as on the boundary line; and this having been removed, it be- 

 comes difficult to account for the name, which has been preserved ; 

 while in other cases, identification of place has been rendered 

 difficult by change of name, some feature of distinction having 

 been selected, other than that which was originally adopted. Such 

 a circumstance may happen within a generation or two, even now. 

 I have a little property in Derbyshire ; a survey of it was made in 

 1806; the diff'erent enclosures were named, partly perhaps as they 

 were known to the tenant, and partly as the surveyor thought 

 best ; there are in the inventory then taken, among other names, 

 Nether Fallow, Barn Close, Close above Barn, Close before the 

 Door, Nether Meadow, Busliy Piece, Long Close, Road Piece, 

 Thorntree Close, Nether Gorsey Hill, Lamb Piece, Knoll Piece, 

 Pingle, Rushy Close, Thistley Close, Hacking Piece, Wren Park, 

 Hill Side, Far Croft, &c., &c.* In 1854 I had the property re-sur- 

 veyed ; and though the same family had been continuously, and are 



* Just such names occur in the old Cornish vernacular, especially in the 

 Western parts, and are easily explained ; and if we could only know what 

 the words really were which were given by tenants and labourers to the 

 scribes who entered in conveyances such jaw-breaking, untranslatable names 

 as Crucaresken, Ponesdu, Ponsdonfili, Grelenbesels, Grudgdrahenot, Grug- 

 kennywol, &c., we should very likely find that they admit of as easy explan- 

 ation. But the things named being of equally temporary character with 

 those given in Englisli, both they and the names derived from them have 

 passed away, and the places cannot be identified. 



