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The National Geographic Magazine 



NEW TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS 



THE topographic maps recently is- 

 sued by the United States Geo- 

 logical Survey cover the following areas : 



State. Quadrangle. 



Arizona Sacaton 



Alabama Birmingham (resurvey) 



California Holtville 



Do Olancha 



Do Tesla 



Do .' Yosemite Special 



Georgia Talbottom 



Iowa Des Moines 



North Carolina-South Carolina Saluda 



North Dakota Bismarck 



Ohio Blanchester 



Do South Charleston 



Do West Manchester 



Pennsylvania Millerstown 



South Carolina Sharon 



South Dakota Redwater 



West Virginia Ripley 



Wyoming Younts Peak 



New editions of sheets covering the 

 following areas have also been issued: 



State. Quadrangle. 



California Dardanelle 



Do San Pedro 



Do Southern California, Sheet No. l 



Maine Bath 



Maryland Baltimore 



New York Pulaski 



Do Pultneyville 



New York-Connecticut Millbrook 



Oregon Ashland 



Virginia Spottsylvania 



West Virginia Harpers Ferry 



The topographic work of the Survey 

 in California, Maine, Maryland, New 

 York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, 

 Pennsylvania, and West Virginia is car- 

 ried on in cooperation with the states. 



The term "quadrangle," used in the 

 above lists, is adopted to designate the 

 unit of the survey, and represents an 

 area of one-sixteenth, one-fourth, or one 

 "square degree." Each quadrangle is 

 named from some well-known place or 

 feature located within it. Index maps 

 showing the location of the quadrangles 

 in relation to adjoining areas will be fur- 

 nished on application. 



The maps of these quadrangles, which 

 are known as atlas sheets, are for sale by 

 the Survey. Sheets of standard size are 

 sold at the rate of 5 cents each, or 3 cents 

 each in lots of 100 or more. 



INTRODUCING REINDEER INTO 

 LABRADOR 



THE remarkable success of the 

 United States government's ex- 

 periments in importing domestic reindeer 

 from Siberia into Alaska, which has ena- 

 bled nearly 20,000 natives of northern 

 Alaska to become self-supporting, has 

 induced Dr Wilfred T. Grenfell, the med- 

 ical missionary to the Labrador coast, to 

 try the same experiment in Labrador. 

 Dr Grenfell has recently purchased 300 

 reindeer in Norway, which will be car- 

 ried across the ocean in a special steamer 

 early in December. The reindeer are in 

 charge of several Laplanders, and will be 

 distributed in herds along the Labrador 

 coast. The rapid extermination of game 

 in Labrador has made Dr Grenfell realize 

 that in a few years the Eskimos and na- 

 tives of Labrador will die of starvation 

 or become dependent on bounty unless a 

 new food supply is found for them. He 

 hopes that the natives of Labrador, like 

 the Alaskan natives, will soon have herds 

 of domestic reindeer to furnish them with 

 food, clothing, and utensils. 



It is now nearly 20 years since Dr 

 Sheldon Jackson, of the United States 

 Bureau of Education, recommended and 

 obtained from Congress an appropriation 

 to import reindeer from Siberia across 

 the Bering Strait. During the first year 

 16 deer were brought over by Dr Jack- 

 son personally. During successive years 

 there were imported others until their 

 number reached a thousand. There are 

 today no less than 16,000 domestic rein- 

 deer distributed in herds along the north 

 Alaskan coast. Large numbers of them 

 belong to the mission stations, giving em- 

 ployment to the natives in the vicinity, 

 while a considerable number of the Eski- 

 mos possess herds of their own.* The 

 United States government loans its rein- 

 deer to worthy natives or mission stations 

 for a term of years. Dr Grenfell has 

 modeled his program after the plan so 

 successfully followed by the United 

 States government under the direction of 

 Dr Jackson. 



*See "Reindeer in Alaska", NaT. Geog. 

 Mag., April, 1903. 



