762 The National Geographic Magazine 



Wine Press Still in Use on the Island 



schools of the country is that the children 

 are only taught how to sing? 



China has at the present time in this 

 country over 120 government students, 

 who are being educated at our agricul- 

 tural and technical schools. Japan has 

 long ago established her schools of agri- 

 culture and her experiment stations on a 

 comprehensive scale, but Madeira re- 

 mains still in a condition of apathy to- 

 ward these fundamental things, which is 

 truly appalling, and I predict that in ten 

 years' time, unless she undergoes a revo- 

 lution in this regard, she will be farther 

 behind in the race than China is today. 



How is it possible for a colony to pros- 

 per if its policies are directed on the main- 

 land and subject to the political mix-ups 

 of the mother country, which is interested 

 only in the revenues she can get out of the 

 impossible import duties she imposes ? 



Protection, designed in America to as- 

 sist new industries until thev get on their 



feet, has been resorted to by the Portu- 

 guese to keep alive such agricultural in- 

 dustries as should long ago have mi- 

 grated to countries of cheap land and 

 machine labor. If the government 

 finances had been spent in exploiting the 

 resources of the country by the intro- 

 duction of crops that would pay, or in 

 encouraging the cultivation of the deli- 

 cious fruits and vegetables such as are 

 already grown, a market could readily 

 be formed in Europe and America, and 

 this wonderful island would be rich in- 

 stead of poor, and would have a host of 

 agricultural monopolies instead of the one 

 (Madeira wine), which has apparently 

 seen its best days. 



That new industries can be built up and 

 thrive is perfectly evident from the start 

 that has been made, mainly through the 

 efiforts of a few men, in the embroidery 

 business. So profitable has this industry 

 become that missionaries in the interior 



