siivlacc^ lM>toi\> llio Icnvor fall is iwicIuhI luwrly all Iracos of 

 the thousamls iW tissuros I'onnod in (he rapids above' have dis- 

 nppoarod. 



On looking do^vn on the rapids from any conunandino- point, 

 the dolinito avrangonicnt ol'tho ciwas>sos along the center of the 

 ieo-streani at on(>e attracts attention, and their order suggests a 

 rapid central cnrnait in the stream. 



Helow Camp 14, for at least two or three miles, as well as at 

 many places above that point, the Seward glacier Hows be-tween 

 banks of snow. Along its border thei'c are marginal crevasses 

 trending up-stream, antl in the adjacent banks thei'c are similar 

 bix\d<.s (rending down-stream. W'lun'c the two systems meet 

 there is a line of irregular crevasses, exceedingly tlillieult to 

 cn)ss, whii'h mark the actual border oftlu^ flowing ii'c. A simi- 

 lar arrangenuMit of marginal crevassi>s and ol' shore t'revasses has 

 been referred to in connection with the Marvine glacier, and was 

 observed in many other instances. 



While occupying Camp 14 we could hear (he nuu-nuir o{ waters 

 far down in the glacier below our tent, but there were no surface 

 streams visible. Crashing and ruml)ling noises made by the 

 slowly moving i^'c frcHiuendy attracted our attcMvtion, and sonu^- 

 times at night wc> woukl be awakeneil by a dull thud, accom- 

 panied by a trembling of the rocks beneath us, as if a slight 

 eartlupiake had occurred. (Occasionally a pinnacle of it'c would 

 fall anil be engulfed in the crevasses at its base. These evidences 

 of change in^licated that movements in the Seward glacier were 

 constantly in [trogress. A short has'e-line was nu^asured and sights 

 taken to well-marked points in the Seward glacier for the purpose 

 of measuring its motion. The angles between the base-line and 

 lines of sight to the chosen points were read o\\ several successive 

 (lays, but when these observations whm'c ccuni^arinl they gave dis- 

 crepant results. Themeasurenumts which sccuuhI mi^st reliahle 

 indicate that the central part of the ice-stream has a nun-enuMit 

 of about twenty feet a day. This is to be taken only as an ap- 

 proximatiiui, which needs to be verified before nnich weight can 

 be attaclunl io it. 



CnAK\(^Ti:uisTics OF AlptnI': (xLAcnoKs Ar>ovi': tuk S\ow-Tj1\e. 



The surface o\ the neve is white, cxci^pt near its lower linnt 

 in late snnnncr, where i( tVcMiucntlv beconu's covercil with dust 



