12 TRANSACTIONS iSgg-'oO 



the problem ever pressing upon the heart of the British Empire, 

 viz. : How can we supply our food-wants within the Empire itself ? 

 Doubts having been expressed by Hon. David Mills in 1878* 

 about the inclusion of the Islands of the Arctic Archipelago in the 

 transfer on the 23rd June 1870, a second Order-in-Council, at the 

 instance of the Parliament of Canada, was passed by the Imperial 

 Privy Council, dated 31st July 1880, by which instrument all the 

 islands were made over to Canada from ist Sept. i88ot ; thus 

 making assurance doubly sure. 



The district of Franklin was constituted and the name con- 

 ferred by an Order-in-Council of the Canadian government in 

 October, 1895. A. subsequent Order-in-Council modifying the 

 allotment of territory was passed in December, 1897, two 

 peninsulas connected with the mainland being added. 



WHAT DOES FRANKLIN INCLUDE ? WHAT ARE ITS METES 

 AND BOUNDS ? 



Eeaving Hudson Bay out there is the great sea called Baffin's 

 Bay with its northern connections, to the PaleocrysticJ Sea, of 

 Smith's Sound, Kennedy and Robeson Channels, and its western 

 openings of Jones Sound and Lancaster Sound. Parallel with 

 Baffin's Bay is Fox Channel, connecting by the Fury and Hecla 

 Straits with the Gulf of Boothia, also parallel to Baffin's Bay. 

 The Gulf of Boothia connects by Prince Regent Sound with 

 Barrow Strait which is a continuation of Lancaster Sound run- 

 riing east and west. The western development of Barrow Strait is 

 the expansion called Melville Sound with lateral openings north 

 and south. The northern side openings are Wellington channel, 

 Queen's channel and Penny Strait, these three being prolonga- 

 tions of each other ; and Byam Martin Channel ; on the south 

 side the openings are Peel Sound, Franklin Strait, McClintock 



*Hansard, May 3rd, 1878. 



tSee Statutes of Canada 1880-81, Impl. Despatches of Orders-in-Council, 

 page IX. 



JPaleoci-ystic, consisting of ice that does not melt in summer but exists 

 from year to year. First applied to the nprthermost ice floes encountered by 

 Capt. Markham's party in 1875-6, 



