1906-7. TRANSACTIONS. 75 



them from religion." The apphcants "had abandoned or were 

 about to abandon" their "belief in the goodness of God", yet they 

 eagerly sought an explanation which would save them from such 

 a disaster" (a). 



The Rev. Dr. Milligan too, during the course of a series of 

 sermons upon the higher criticism in Toronto, said: — 



" In studying the Bible it is necessary to be cautious, but it is 

 also necessary not to be afraid of the facts. A man who is afraid 

 of truth is also an infidel of the worst species, because truth can 

 only do good. " 



Now, I would not like to call the Professor to whom I have 

 referred an infidel, but he certainly has not that faith in the truth 

 which will remove mountains. He thinks that it ought to be 

 wrapped in a napkin, put away in a locked drawer somewhere (b), 

 and made to keep quiet. He has not the faith of James Russell 

 Lowell : — 



"Get the truth but once uttered, and 'tis like 

 A star new-born that drops into its place. 

 And which, once circling in its placid round. 

 Not all the tumult of the earth can shake "(c). 



Business. — For frauds in the flotation of companies, secret 

 commissions, lying advertisements, Machiavelli is not an apologist. 

 Nor has he anything to say about the opposition between the 

 religion of amity and the religion of enmity (as Spencer calls 

 them.) To save the State, he would disregard all morality; but 

 he gives no advice as to the limits of propriety in business competi- 

 tions. The questions which arise in this connection are difficult, 

 and with two quotations I leave them for your consideration. 

 Professor Giddings said : — 



"Six days in the week we diligently follow the precepts of 

 the law of competition; on the seventh we as diligently contem- 

 plate the beauties of the law of compassion. Mr. Spencer accura- 

 tely traces this contradiction in conduct back to its origin in social 

 experiences of the past; but he might have gone yet farther and 

 have shown that in reality ijt is as fundamental as the distinction 

 between the integrational and the differentiational aspects of 

 universal evolution itself. While evolution continues, two stand- 

 ards are inevitable, and we must try as best we can to reconcile 



(a) Modern Criticism, etc., p. 27. 



(b) As Caxlyle once said of himself. 



(c) "A glance behind the curtain.' 



