RECENT ARCH^IOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES IN CORNWALL. 225 



we are told, trained each, of his nien to carry food for 30 days, 

 and 7 stakes, — twice the usual number. A pot, reap hook, and 

 12 stakes, &c, have also been mentioned. The usual weight 

 was 60-lbs. exclusive of armour. Cavalry were not so heavily 

 burdened. 



Detachments of the army generally consisted of both horse 

 and foot. 



Beyond the details of their varied equipment, there is much 

 to interest the student in their military discipline, the regulations 

 relating to their parades, drill and other duties, their methods of 

 marching, keeping guard, their tesserae, watch-words, trumpet- 

 signals, engines used for artillery, &c. ; but on these we cannot 

 now enter. 



"With regard to their Camps, the rules as to shape and pro- 

 portion were precise. After they had abandoned the square 

 form, they made them like the one we have been describing at 

 Tregaer, oblong with the corners rounded off, and with about \ 

 more length than breadth. The size of ditch and rampart, the 

 position of the commander's tent and the tents of his staff, the 

 various openings in the intrenchments, the spaces within to be 

 specially kept clear, or encamped upon, were all fixed by rule 

 and settled by the camp measurers Much of this being known, 

 we are enabled to estimate how many men could be quartered at 

 Tregear Camp. It seems to have had only one entrance : — the 

 " porta decumana," in the rear. 



Allowing a sufficient space for the Prsetorium, and for the 

 intersecting ways called Principia and Quintana (whence the 

 modern word canteen), and also a sufficient Intervallum, &c, we 

 find that a Cohort which (under the Empire) consisted of 480 

 men, and also, perhaps, a troop of 30 cavalry, could have been 

 quartered in Tregear. Some provincial cohorts had no cavalry 

 attached to them. 



To illustrate the matter briefly, we may state that a Roman 

 Legion (at the period to which we are alluding) consisted of 

 5280 men, and there were supplementals besides. In a Legion 

 there were 10 Cohorts : — the first, twice as great as either of the 

 other nine. To that one was entrusted the eagle of the legion, 

 its men numbering 960. Each of the other cohorts contained 

 480 men. 



