254 REGENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES IN CORNWALL. 



Measuring by straight lines — 



Oonstantine's stone is If miles S.W. from Gurlyn-Bossens 

 camp. 



Licinius's stone is 13J miles due N. of Tregaer, Nanstallon 

 camp. 



These two Emperors reigned together over different parts of 

 the Eoman Empire in the 4th century, and, being brothers-in- 

 law, they seem to have complimented each other by having had 

 titled stones erected each in his territory to the other's honor, till 

 final contests, &c, led Constantine to order that Licinius should 

 be put to death. It is noteworthy that in West Cornwall where 

 the Imperial memorial of the Christian ruler Constantine occurs, 

 the Christian symbol is met with, which was emblazoned on his 

 labarum or military standard, his coins, &c. ; and that there is 

 also a dedication to St. Helena, the name of his mother.* 



The " X (chi) P (Eho) monogram," (the Creek ch and r, 

 for Christos, Christ), occurs on one stone at Phillack and on two 

 in St. Just. A block of tin, found at Trereife, is said to be 

 similarly marked, f also some Eoman pottery found at Padstow, 

 in East Cornwall, stamped with cross and sacred monogram.J 



That at Phillack is built into the church wall. 



The next is on the broad face of a slab, in St. Just Church, 

 on the front side of the stone the name Senilus§ being inscribed. 

 It is usually referred to erroneously as Selus or Silus with 

 incised pastoral or episcopal crook. The truth is, the letters ni 

 were omitted in cutting the name and were added above the line, 

 — thus escaping the notice of many, whilst the supposed " crook 

 combined with cross" is really the sacred monogram mentioned 

 above. The third instance is in the same parish, at Cape 

 Cornwall : — " On the isthmus," writes Blight, || " the remains of 



* Concerning her alleged finding of the true cross, the form of it, and the 

 tombs of the Magi, see Chamb. Book of Days (St. Helena, Empress), Vol. I, 586, 

 Vol. II, 233, 751, and Blight's Crosses of West Cornwall, p. v. 



fHiibner's Inscr. Brit. Christ., p. 85, appendix. Object in Penzance Museum, 



JArehaaological Journal, Vol. 4. 1847, p. 307, Haslam ; and B.I.C. J., Vol. 6. 

 p. 32, W. C. Borlase. 



§ Blight's Churches of West Cornwall, p. 28, fig. (orig. edn). 



|| Blight's Week at Land's End, p. 155, fig., and Crosses of West Cornwall 

 p. 61. 



