REVIEWS—ARCHATIA. 61 
Creator ; and, as we shall find in the sequel, there are some curious ideas of higher 
and more general types in the grouping of the creatures referred to. The same 
idea is indicated in the closing chapters of Job, where the three higher classes of 
the vertebrates are represented by a number of examples, and the typical likeness 
of one of these—the hippopotamus—to man seems to be recognised. A late able 
writer has quoted, as an illustration of the doctrine of types, a very remarkable 
passage from Psalm exxxix.:— 
“Twill praise Thee, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made. 
Marvellous are thy works, 
And that my soul knoweth right well. 
My substance was not hid from Thee 
When I was made in secret, 
And curiously wrought in the lowest parts of the earth: 
Thine eyes did see my substance yet being imperfect, 
And in Thy book al] my members were written, 
Which in continuance were fashioned whet as yet there was none of them? 
- “Tt would too much tax the faith of exegists to ask them to believe that the 
writer of the above passage, or the spirit that inspired him, actually meant to 
teach—what we now know so well from geology, that the prototypes of all the 
parts of the archetypal human structure may be found in those fossil remains of 
extinct animals which may, in nearly every country, be dug up from the rocks of 
the earth. No objection need, however, be taken to our reading in it the doctrine 
of embryonic development according to a systematic type. 
“Tn that spiritual department which is the special field of scripture, the doc- 
trine of type has been so extensively recognised by expositors, that I need only 
refer to its typical numbers, its typical personages, its typical rites and ceremonies, 
and lastly, to its recognition of the Divine Redeemer as the great archetype of the 
spiritual world, as man himself is of the natural. In this last respect the New 
Testament clearly teaches that, in the resurrection, the human body formed after 
Adam as its type, is to be sublimated and reformed after the heavenly body of the 
Son of God, rising to some point of perfection higher than that of the present 
earthly archetype. 
“Tt is more than curious that this idea of type, so long existing in an isolated 
and often despised form, as a theological thought in the imagery of scripture, 
should now be a leading idea of natural science; and that while comparative 
anatomy teaches us that the structures of all past and present lower animals point 
to man, who, as Prof. Owen expresses it, has had all his parts and organs ‘ sketch- 
ed out in anticipation in the inferior animals, the Bible points still farther forward 
to an exaltation of the human type itself into what even the comparative anato- 
mist might perhaps regard as among the ‘ possible modifications of it beyond 
those realized in this little orb of ours,’ could he but learn its real nature.” 
The passage given above, even if we cannot go with the author to 
the full extent of his argument, will shew the suggestive, thought- 
creating character of Dr. Dawson’s work. As such, it will shew also, 
the value of the work itself to the biblical or theological student, 
