REVIEWS—GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 453: 
shewing, amongst other things, how large an expense may be avoided, 
by a preliminary examination of the geology of the country, in open- 
ing up roads in districts in which Laurentian rocks prevail : 
“By this modification of the distribution of the limestone as given in the Report 
of 1856, a great addition is made to that part lying in Harrington and Wentworth 
in the neighbourhood of Gate, and Sixteen Island Lakes, a large portion of which 
supports a surface well adapted for the purposes of agriculture. The best pre- 
sent access to this agricultural tract is by the road which runs along the east 
margin of the calcareous outcrop on the west side of the trough. The site of this 
road is judiciously chosen, for wnile the calcareous valley affords a pretty even 
grade, it gives also much land capable of settlement along the line, and will thus 
facilitate the keeping of the road in repair. Some years since a road was opened 
by the Government to the limestone land in the north-west part of Wentworth, 
from the settlement on the West Branch River, in the front of the township. Buta 
line having been chosen as near to a straight one as practicable, over the rugged 
surface of the gneiss, it happens that while the grades are difficult, there is little 
land fit for settlement along the road. The road, in consequence, is little used ; a 
second growth of timber will very probably be allowed to spring up on it, and the 
expense of opening it wil] be entirely thrown away. If a road is required on the 
west side of Wentworth, it is probable that a better line might be obtained along 
the limestone on the east side of the trough. In general, throughout the Lauren- 
tian region, the bands of limestone will be found to afford the best guide for the 
lines of roads.” 
At the close of Sir William Logan’s Report, some valuable in- 
formation is given respecting the copper deposits of the metamorphic 
region on the south side of the St. Lawrence. As so much attention 
is now being directed to this mineral district, we are induced to trans- 
cribe this portion of the Report in a complete form : 
“In the Reports of the explorations made by the survey on the south side of 
the St. Lawrence, in 1847 and 1849, it was stated that indications of the pyritous 
and variegated sulphurets of copper were observed in many localities, usually in 
the vicinity of certain bands of dolomite, serpentine, soapstone, and other magne- 
sian rocks, which in various forms characterise a group of strata lying at the top 
of the Hudson River formation, and intermediate between what have occasionally 
been called the Richelieu Shales and the Sillery Sandstones. They are equiva- 
lent to the rocks of Quebee and Point Levi, and, affected by undulations, range 
through the country between Cape Rosier and Lake Champlain in a very irregular 
manner, being distributed in long, narrow, synclinal forms, which carry their out- 
crops in stretches backward and forward, in a general north-east and south-west 
direction, bending, however, in some parts, towards north and south, and in others 
‘towards east and west. Proceeding from the St. Lawrence, in a south-east direc- 
tion, the formation is thus found to be repeated a great many times in a transverse 
distance, which, opposite to Quebec, would equal nearly fifty miles, whilst at 
each repetition the strata, which on the north-east are of a sedimentary nature 
