26 N. H. Darton—Shawangunk Mountain. 
ally to the southward. Beginning at the northern end of the 
range the principal feature is the anticlinal which brings up the 
cement between Rosendale and Whiteport. South of Rondout 
creek, opposite Rosendale, the upward pitch of this flexure in- 
creases rapidly, and the Shawangunk grit soon rises into a ridge 
of considerable altitude. . In a short distance from the creek the 
erits are eroded from the crown of the arch, and to the south- 
ward the underlying shales constitute a series of high but 
rounded hills extending along the center of the mountain. The 
occurrence of these high hills of soft rock is a striking feature, 
and they give a unique character to this portion of the moun- 
tain. Their presence is due to the former protection of the 
arch of Shawangunk grit by which they were originally covered. 
The grit in the flanks of this arch extends down the slopes of 
the mountain, where it dips beneath overlying formations in 
the valley on the western side and extends nearly or quite to the 
base on the eastern side. One mile and a half south of Ros- 
endale the range has the structure shown in the first section 
on the stereogram. It will be seen that the sheet of grit lying 
along the eastern slope of the mountain is considerably corru- 
rugated. This corrugation consists in the main of a western 
limb dipping more or less steeply eastward, and a shallow 
synclinal. In one portion of the ridge, there is a very abrupt 
anticlinal crumple in this synclinal which extends but a short 
distance in either direction and then flattens out into the gen- 
eral flexure. There is also a fault which extends from the 
Rosendale cement region. It gives rise to a sharp ridge which 
continues to the first road across the mountain, beyond which it 
dies out. Along the eastern face of the northeastern range of the 
mountain the dips are in greater part gently to the westward. 
Along the railroad they are 20°, and this is the average for some 
distance. On the first road across the mountain the dips are 
60°, but this steep dip soon gives place to inclinations of not 
over 10°, and toward the southern end of the ridge the synclinal 
dies out, leaving a gentle dip eastward. This grit area lying along 
the eastern slope of the mountain terminates abruptly southward 
in a fine line of cliffs which, owing to the upward pitch of the 
bed in this direction, are of great elevation. This is Buntico 
point, one of the most prominent topographic features in the re- 
gion. Its character is shown in the stereogram. 
South of Buntico point the eastern crest and summit of Shawan- 
