Dates of Orogenic Movements. 93 
In one portion of the province only has the elevation since 
then been practically continuous. This is in northern Virginia 
and West Virginia and, as shown in plate 5, exhibits an agere- 
gate uplift since the completion of the Cretaceous peneplain of 
4,000 feet. During the Tertiary baseleveling this region was 
necessarily free from movement, but at no other time does there 
seem to have been a complete cessation of the uplift. The axes 
along which it culminated in pre-Tertiary time are C D and FE F 
(plate 5). While the movement along these axes occurred syn- 
chronously and at their maximum reached the same elevation, 
the deformation on the two was quite different. Along the axis 
C D it extended but little south of the Kanawha river, while in 
the opposite direction it passed into Pennsylvania, extending 
probably half way across that state. Along the axis # F' the 
elevation reached only a little north of the Potomac, but con- 
tinued in the other direction as far as Tennessee. These axes 
- are arranged en echelon and the maximum elevation occurred at. 
the point of overlap. Some time during this period the uplift 
extended southwestward along the axis 1 F, but only sufficient 
to raise a low swell a few hundred feet in altitude. This is quite 
intimately connected with a later uplift along the same line and 
‘probably occurred late in the interval between the two periods 
of baseleveling. 
It seems probable that an uplift took place in the Smoky 
mountain region quite early in this epoch, its axis coinciding 
approximately with the state line between Tennessee and North 
Carolina. The reason for assigning this movement to the early 
part of the epoch is that there are traces of an uplift along this 
same line in pre-Cretaceous time, and probably the later uplift 
was but the continuation of the earlier, following immediately 
the Cretaceous period of quiescence. . This late uplift increased 
toward the northeast, reaching 1,200 feet on the southern line of 
Virginia. 
Some movement occurred along the Hatteras axis during this 
epoch, reaching its maximum elevation on the northwestern 
side of the province near the Ohio river. The longitudinal 
uplift of the Great Smoky mountain region terminated at this 
transverse line, and their combined forces caused a pronounced 
dome-shaped elevation in the Cretaceous peneplain. 
An uplift occurred at the beginning of this epoch along the 
axis O P, reaching a maximum near Chattanooga, from which it 
