The great Ranges and Peaks 271 
Cascades to the Pacific ocean, about 150 miles from its southern 
boundary. Other minor ranges also intersect the state east and 
west, including the great Siskiyou range on the dividing line 
between Oregon and California. 
The state contains more than 25,000,000 acres of arable land. 
The Willamette valley alone contains 5,000,000 acres. The whole 
arable area is greater than the one-half of the entire area of the 
six New England states. Over 10,000,000 acres (or about one- 
sixth of the whole state) are covered with forests, the greater 
portion as magnificent and valuable as any in the world of like 
species, the balance of the state being mountain, grazing, and 
desert lands, the latter of which can be nearly all made highly 
productive by irrigation. 
The Mountain Peaks of Oregon. 
The great mountain ranges of Oregon and their grand scenery 
are the pride of all her people and the wonder and admiration 
of every traveler who beholds them. Rising from the Cascade 
range, in the state of Oregon, in stately beauty and majestic 
grandeur, with summits penetrating the clouds and wrapped in 
everlasting snows, stand, like great sentinels on towering battle- 
ments, mount Hood, 12,000 feet in height; Jefferson, 10,200 
feet; Black butte, 7,000 feet; Snow butte, 6,000 feet; the Three 
Sisters, 9,000 feet; Diamond peak, 8,807 feet; mount 'Theilsen, 
7,000 feet; mount Scott, 9,125 feet; Onion peak, over 4,000 feet ; 
and last, but not least, mount Pitt, or mount McLaughlin, as it 
is sometimes called, near the southern boundary of the state, 
9,760 feet in height. These are all in the Cascade range and 
within the state of Oregon, and, commencing with mount Hood, 
the giant of the line and seemingly the commander of the 
column, located about 25 miles due south of Columbia river in 
the center of the Cascade range, they stand in a line running 
almost due north and south in the order I have named them, 
mount Pitt being near the California line. Mount Hood was 
named after Lord Hood by Vancouver's navigator, Lieutenant 
Broughton, in 1792. The exact height of this mountain, I be- 
lieve, has never been accurately ascertained, the reported meas- 
urements ranging all the way from 11,000 to 18,000 feet. It is 
known, however, from more recent measurements, to be about 
12,000 feet in height, or some 3,400 feet lower than Shasta, in Cali- 
35—Nar. Geoac. Maa., von. VI, 1894. 
