[5] 



THE NORWEGIAN FISHERIES IN 1883. 



363 



which equipped vessels for these fisheries, sending out 10 to 15 a year. 

 Later some other Norwegian towns followed the example of Hammer- 

 fest, especially Tromsoe. The number of Norwegian vessels engaged in 

 these fisheries during the period from 18^ to 1877 was 45, viz. : 1 from 

 Vardoe, 22 from Hammerfest, and 22 from Tromsoe. During this period 

 the first attempt at fisheries was made near Nova Zembla (in 1867). 



Eegardiug the fisheries in the Polar Sea the following data have been 

 furnished by the Tromsoe Fishery Association: 



During that time 3 or 4 trips are made. 



The following data have been furnished relative to the expense of fit- 

 ting out the vessels and the income from these fisheries : 



The outfit of a vessel for the walrus and seal fisheries, with a crew of 

 10 men, will generally cost about 3,000 crowns [$804]. To this sum should 

 be added 700 crowns [$187.60] advanced to the crew, making a total of 

 3,700 crowns [$991.60]. The crew generally receives one-third of the gross 

 yield of the fisheries, and this third part is generally subdivided into 

 4 more parts than there are men. If the crew, for instance, numbers 

 10, each man receives one-fourteenth of one-third of the entire yield, 

 except the mate, who receives two-fourteenths. The remainder, three- 

 fourteenths, goes to the company. The company provides the entire 

 outfit, including food, and pays the mate 100 crowns [$26.80] per month, 

 and each harpooner from 60 to 100 crowns [$16.08 to 26.80]. Each ves- 

 sel has generally two harpooners. 



The outfit of a whiting vessel costs about 1,000 crowns [$268] more, 

 which increase is principally caused by the seine, which costs about 

 5,000 crowns [$1,340], and which, as a general rule, will not last longer 

 than 5 years. The company also pays for the entire outfit, food, &c. 

 As regards the monthly pay and the division of the yield, different 

 rules prevail from those in the walrus and sea fisheries. Each fisher- 

 man receives from 20 to 24 crowns [$5.36 to $6.43] per month, and the 

 mate about 100 crowns [$26.80]. If a harpooner accompanies the ex- 

 pedition to catch walrus and seals, he receives from 60 to 100 crowns 

 [$16.08 to $26.80] per month. The entire- yield of the fisheries (includ- 

 ing seals and walrus) is divided into 6 parts, one of which goes to the 

 crew and is divided on the following principle : If, for example, the 

 crew, including the mate, is composed of 10 men, 9 receive one-twelfth 

 of one-sixth of the yield, the mate two-twelfths, and one-twelfth goes 

 to the company. 



