Obituary— Caroline Birley. 143 
1906. [With Jonn T. Stopss.] ‘‘ A newly-discovered Fish Bed in the Cheadle 
Coalfield; with Notes on the Distribution of Fossil Fishes in that 
District’’?: Trans. N. Staffs. Nat. Field Club, vol. xl, pp. 87-101, pl. i. 
‘* Paleontology of the Cheadle Coalfield’’: loc. cit., vol. xl, pp. 102-137, 
pl. il. 
CAROLINE BIRLEY. 
Born NovyemsBer 16, 1851. Diep Frpruary 15, 1907. 
By the death of Miss Caroline Birley a most ardent and enthusiastic 
student has been lost to the science of Geology, one who from her 
childhood to the end of her life never wavered in devotion to this her 
cherished pursuit, nor thought any fatigue or personal sacrifice too 
ereat in order to visit places of geological interest and obtain specimens 
for her beloved Museum. 
Caroline Birley was the youngest daughter of Mr. Thomas Hornby 
Birley, who resided at Hart Hill, near Manchester. When a child 
her holidays were constantly spent in the Isle of Man, where her 
grandfather, Lieut.-Col. Leatham, resided after his retirement from 
the Army. Her earliest delight was to select specimens of stones 
showing any peculiarity, and when about 9 years of age she 
commenced to form a collection, to which she continued most 
assiduously to add when travelling in England or on the Continent. 
When the Gerotogtcan Macazrne commenced its existence in 1864 
this young enthusiast of 13 years of age became a regular monthly 
subscriber, devoting her pocket-money to this periodical! After 
a year of self-denial her grandmother, discovering this sacrifice to the 
cause of geological science, made her granddaughter a special allowance 
to purchase this coveted journal. 
In the year 1888 Miss Caroline Birley’s collection had already 
outgrown the space in her house at Seedley Terrace, Manchester, and 
she erected an iron building in the garden as a museum. In 1888 
Miss C. Birley visited Faxe, Denmark, and again in the Summer of 
1891, when she made a large collection of Upper Cretaceous fossils. 
The Crustacea thus obtained were described by Dr. H. Woodward in 
the Grotocicat Macazine for November, 1901 (pp. 486-501, Pl. XII). 
Two new species of the genus Dromiopsis (D. Birleye and D. Coplande) 
obtained in that expedition were figured and described by him, and 
dedicated to Miss C. Birley and her friend and fellow-traveller, Miss L. 
Copland. 
in June, 1889, Miss Birley and her friend Miss Copland visited the 
Feroes, bringing back from the islands of Stromoe, Naalsoe, and Osteroe 
six hundredweights of rocks containing zeolites. In 1890 she paid 
a second visit to the Feroes. In that year Miss Birley became a 
member of the Geologists’ Association, to the excursions and meetings 
of which Society she was always afterwards a very constant attendant. 
She also, later on, in 1894, joined the Malacological Society of London, 
and frequently attended its meetings. In November, 1891, Miss 
Birley and Miss Copland went to Malta and did a considerable amount 
of collecting from the ‘Tertiary strata of that island. In 1892 the 
ladies visited Algeria, but did not succeed in making a very large 
collection there. 
