Dr. OC. W. Andrews—An Ichthyosaur from Peterborough. 205: 
The vertebral column consisted of about 122 vertebrae. The centra 
of the atlas and axis are closely fused, and only in very young 
individuals are any clear indications of their original separation to be 
observed. Behind these are about thirty-eight vertebre, which may 
be regarded as precaudal; these bear both parapophyses and 
diapophyses for the articulation of the ribs; these processes when 
followed from before backwards are found to descend on the side of the 
centra and approach till they finally unite on about the forty-first 
vertebra, which may be regarded as the first caudal; in a few cases. 
this union may take place on one side one or two vertebre further 
forward than on the other, there being two facets on one side and one 
Fic. 3.—Ophthalmosaurus icenicus, Seeley. Ventral surface of right fore-limb. 
About + nat. size. 
h. humerus; int. intermedium; p. pisiform; 7. radius; rad. radiale; 
u. ulna; ain. ulnare; 1-4, distal row of carpals; 1-v, the five digits. 
on the other in these centra. The caudals are about eighty-two in 
number; they bear single rib facets till just in front of the point 
where the column bends down into the caudal fin. and it appears that 
chevrons also were present in this region. A little in front of the 
bend above referred to the centra diminish very rapidly in size ; they 
are also less definite in form and haye rounded edges, probably because 
more flexion took place at this point than elsewhere. The bend itself 
is caused by the presence of five or six centra which are more or less 
wedge-shaped, being longer dorsally than ventrally. Behind the bend 
there may be as many as forty-eight vertebra, the centra of which 
