292 Dr. F. L. Kitchin—The Invertebrate Fauna of 
Indian specimens show a rather less degree of inflation than individuals 
representing the average characters of the species in South Africa, 
I do not consider that the points of distinction are such as to warrant 
specific separation, or even to permit the certain recognition of two 
well-defined local races. Should, however, the correctness of this 
opinion be called in question, the very close resemblance between the 
shells ascribed to Z. ventricosa, from these widely separated habitats, 
must retain the strongest significance, when viewed in connection with 
the evidence for relationship between some of the associated forms 
in the one area and certain of those in the other. Several bivalves of 
the Uitenhage Beds, including such specialised forms as Cucullea 
kraussi, Tate, and Seebachia bronni (Krauss), have very closely com- 
parable, and perhaps identical, representatives in the Oomia group, 
and anew TZrigonia from the Sunday’s River Beds, belonging to the 
specialised and short-lived group Pseudo-quadrate, bears a close 
resemblance to 7. mamillata, Kitchin, a member of the same division 
of the Zrigonie, from Cutch. The association of these Indian forms 
with a large Gervillia which closely resembles G'. dentata, Krauss, has 
already been made known. The striking similarity between the 
Trigonie of the group of Z. v-scripta, Kitchin, in the Oomia Beds, and. 
the group of 7. vau, Sharpe, in the Uitenhage Series, has been 
discussed elsewhere,! and while the adult stages in the members of the 
two groups probably illustrate homceomorphy, the presence of these 
analogous forms only serves to emphasise the remarkable aspect of 
similarity shown when we place side by side the identical and 
proximate types in the faunas of these widely separated areas. 
A review of the evidence so far available must certainly lead to the 
inference that these faunas in South Africa and India are approximately 
contemporaneous, and that the lines of intercourse between the two 
areas at that time were probably much more direct than was believed 
by Neumayr, W. T. Blanford, and others, to be the case. The 
evidence for the age of the Uitenhage fauna is so decisive that it 
becomes necessary, by means of this indirect correlation, to refer the 
Trigoma-bearing beds of the Oomia group to the Neocomian. 
In the case of the Neocomian fauna in German Kast Africa which 
G. Miller believes to be related to that of the Uitenhage Series,” the 
evidence is of a somewhat less satisfactory character, but I am of 
opinion that the indications are sufficiently clear to show the correctness 
of Miiller’s view. Here, again, peculiarly characterised Zrigonie are. 
a special feature in the fauna, and some of these recall Indian and 
South African forms. For example, TZ. kiihni, G. Miller, possesses 
characters which appear to indicate relationship to Zrigonie of the 
group of Z. vau, Sharpe, or the group of Z) v-seripta, Kitchin, while 
T. beyschlagi, G. Miller, very closely resembles 7. crassa, Kitchin, 
a degenerate costate form which occurs abundantly in Cutch. Another 
Trigonia has been referred by Miller to 7. ventricosa (Krauss), and 
a large Gervillia is very closely comparable with G. dentata, Krauss, 
if it is not actually identical with it. 
1F, L. Kitchin, ‘ The Jurassic Fauna of Cutch,” vol. iii, pt. 2, No. 1, Genus 
Trigonia, p.66: Paleeontologia Indica, ser. ix (1908). 
2 G. Muller, ‘‘ Versteinerungen des Jura und der Kreide’’: Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, 
Band vii, pp. 514-571; Berlin, 1900. F. L. Kitchin: op. cit., p. 121. 
