Reviews—Professor Rosenbusch’s 70th Birthday. 363: 
neighbourhood, inasmuch as “It is absolutely necessary to realize 
that when the existing valley-system was initiated no Devonian rocks. 
were exposed in the Torquay district, but that these rocks were 
partly covered and concealed by the Permian conglomerate, and 
completely buried beneath the Eocene deposits to a depth of several 
hundred feet. Consequently the surface on which the modern lines 
of drainage were first marked out was a surface of Eocene clay or 
sand, having a gentle slope from north to south.” 
He speaks of great lateral pressures as taking place during the 
Miocene period, whereby the Eocene beds between Bovey and Newton 
Abbot were bent into a deep trough: a remark which may be 
compared with that of Mr. Ussher previously recorded. 
Dealing with the process of valley-making, Mr. Jultes-Browne 
points out ‘‘how the water-ways, which were established on one 
surface, have been gradually transferred to a lower and very different 
surface.”? Much of this erosion took place during Oligocene, Miocene, 
and Pliocene periods, when the land-surface was, in his opinion, 
perhaps 1,000 or 1,100 feet above sea-level, and the present land was. 
about 400 feet higher than it is now. Erosion may ‘‘ have been 
retarded for a time in the Pliocene period by the subsidence which 
allowed of the formation of the St. Erth Beds in Cornwall. It must, 
however, have been renewed by the subsequent elevation of the land, 
and was only brought to a close by the subsidence which ushered in 
the epoch in which we now live.” 
The author deals in some detail with the development of the local 
hills and valleys, and explains how the denudation has revealed and 
dissected the old plains, the effects of Eocene, if not of the great 
Cretaceous erosion. His conclusions thus differ considerably from 
those of Mr. Alexander Somervail, who, in an essay read before the: 
Devonshire Association in 1886, referred the sculpture of the main 
valleys in and around Torquay to the era ‘‘ between the close of the 
Cretaceous period and the dawn of the Tertiary.” 
I1.—Fesrscurirr Harry RosensuscH GEWIDMEL VON SEINEN SCHUELERN 
ZUM SIEBZIGSTEN GeEsurtsrac, 24 Junr, 1906. With a portrait, 
a geological map, 11 plates, and 35 figures in the text. 10” X 723”; 
pp. vili+412. Stutteart: Schweizerbart, 1906. M.20 (unbound). 
VHIS volume, prepared by some of his students in commemoration 
of his 70th birthday, is dedicated to one of the most distinguished 
petrologists of the day. It contains 17 papers, all in German except 
those marked in the following notice by an asterisk, which are in 
English. 
The first paper is by Prof. U. Grubenmann, of Ztirich, ‘‘ On some: 
Swiss Glaucophane Rocks.” He describes four glaucophane rocks of 
the Val de Bagne, Valais, and concludes that they are re-crystallized 
eruptive rocks of theralitic nature or their tuffs which were mixed 
with either calcareous or siliceous and aluminous material. Two 
erratic blocks from the canton of Bern have a similar character. 
Prof. W. H. Hobbs (Michigan University), ‘‘ On two new occurrences 
of the ‘ Cortlandt Series’ of Rocks within the State of Connecticut.” * 
The localities are Prospect Hill, near Litchfield, and Danbury to New 
