372 Reviews—J. P. Johnson—Stone Implements, South Africa. 
V.—Tue Srone lvprements or Sourn Arrica. By J. P. Jonnson. 
4to, cloth; pp. 53, with 258 illustrations. (London: Longmans, 
Green, & Co., 1907.) 
N this work the author embodies the results of his contributions, 
made during the last four years, to our knowledge of the Stone 
Age of South Africa. At the same time, while no attempt is made 
“to review the abundant, but unsatisfactory, literature already in 
existence,” he makes mention of the work of many other observers. 
He records the occurrence at Lejfontein of Holiths belonging to two 
eroups: (1) Those in which the pieces of stone have been subjected 
to very little modification; and (2) those in which they have been 
chipped into definite shapes. He reasonably observes that, if the 
Eoliths represent the earliest types of man’s handiwork, ‘‘ one would 
expect them to be barely distinguishable from Nature’s work. Their 
association with others in which the trimming, though of the same 
rude kind, is arranged in definite patterns is the sole ground upon 
which they can be accepted.” The illustrations include forms identical 
with many found in England. 
Other implements from the Zambesi Valley in the vicinity of the 
Victoria Falls are described. Attention was first drawn to these by 
Colonel Feilden, and they have since been figured and described by 
Mr. G. W. Lamplugh (Journ. Anthrop. Inst., vol. xxxvi, 1906), 
who remarked that ‘‘many of the specimens show a_ secondary 
chipping which corresponds more nearly to rough European Neolithic 
work than to the earlier Paleolithic period.” Mr. H. Balfour, who 
followed Mr. Lamplugh, described in the same journal a characteristic 
type of Paleolithic implement also from that region. Mr. Johnson 
regards many of his specimens as belonging to the transition between 
the Eolithic and Paleolithic stages of culture. He records typical 
Paleolithic implements from the deposits of the Vaal and Orange. 
Rivers and elsewhere; and figures some minute flakes and scrapers, 
fashioned out of chert, jasper, and agate, from Taaibosch Spruit, 
a tributary of the Vaal, above Vereeniging, and from other localities. 
Newer or advanced types of implements are described from rock- 
shelters in the Asbestos Hills and elsewhere. 
V1I.—Maryztanp GronocicaL SuRVEY. 
1.—TseE Priocenr anp PreistocenE Deposits or Maryranp. By 
Grorck Burpank SuHarruck. pp. 291, 75 plates, and 10 text- 
figures. (Baltimore: The John Hopkins’ Press, 1906.) 
- PVHIS is the third of a series of reports on the systematic geology 
and paleontology of Maryland. The first and second volumes. 
were devoted to the Kocene and Miocene deposits. 
The Pliocene and Pleistocene formations of Maryland (as remarked 
by the State Geologist) have exercised a potent influence upon the 
surface configuration and soils of Maryland; and they are spoken of 
by the author as ‘the last of a long series of unconsolidated beds. 
which began to be deposited in Lower Cretaceous and possibly Jurassic 
time, and have continued on with interruptions down to the present. 
These deposits are composed of clay, peat, greensand, marl, gravel, — 
